The role of exclusive breastfeeding and sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption on preschool children's weight gain

Silveira, Jonas Augusto Cardoso da; Colugnati, Fernando Antônio Basile; Poblacion, Ana; Taddei, José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo

doi:10.1111/ijpo.236

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…First, there may be other factors that play a more important role on development of overweight than age at complementary feeding or exclusive breastfeeding duration. One such factor might be diet quality and quantity, for which we lacked information . We found that age at complementary feeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration was weakly associated with child's BMI in groups with Turkish ethnicity, high education or maternal obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Prospective associations of age at complementary feeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration with body mass index at 5–6 years within different risk groups

et al. 2018

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SummaryBackgroundChildren with overweight or obesity are at risk for developing obesity in adulthood. Certain maternal characteristics, such as ethnicity, education, body mass index (BMI) or neighbourhood, are determinants for childhood overweight risk. There are large variations in how mothers differing in these characteristics feed their infants. Therefore, associations of age at complementary feeding, exclusive breast feeding duration with childhood overweight may differ in these groups. Understanding these associations would be essential to develop overweight prevention strategies.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to study the associations of age at complementary feeding, exclusive breastfeeding duration with BMI‐standard deviation score (SDS) at 5–6 years within risk groups.MethodsUsing data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a population‐based birth cohort (n = 4495), we formed groups of children at varying risk of overweight according to maternal characteristics of ethnicity, education, pre‐pregnancy BMI and neighbourhood. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsComplementary feeding after 5 months of age was associated with lower BMI‐SDS in children of mothers of Dutch ethnicity (B: −0.12; 95% CI: −0.21, −0.04), medium‐level education (−0.19; −0.30, −0.08), normal BMI (−0.08; −0.16, −0.01) and high‐risk neighbourhood (−0.16; −0.29, −0.02). Compared with exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months, exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months was associated with lower BMI‐SDS in groups of medium‐level education (−0.28; 0.44, −0.11), normal BMI (−0.18; −0.29, −0.08) and medium‐risk (−0.18; −0.33, −0.04) and high‐risk (−0.22; −0.42, −0.02) neighbourhoods.ConclusionsAssociations between infant feeding practices and childhood BMI may differ between risk groups, implying that overweight prevention strategies should be group‐specific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Prospective associations of age at complementary feeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration with body mass index at 5–6 years within different risk groups

et al. 2018

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“…This formulation corrects problems such as the mean regression effect, different ages at the time of research, and collinearity of repeated measures. 5,8 Biological factors were gender, age, nutritional status and anemia; perinatal factors were birth weight, gestational age, disease at birth and reasons for hospitalization (preventable, non-preventable diseases or absence of diseases). ZBMI was used to sort nutritional status with the following cutoff points: normal weight (≤+ 1 SD), risk of overweight (>+1 SD and <+2 SD) and overweight (≥+ 2 SD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ultraprocessed foods and sugary drinks), with subsequent total weaning of breast milk. 4,5 Such phenomena can stem from issues such as the lack of prenatal guidance or even its poor quality resulting from fragile bond between professionals and individuals. From a broader perspective, the historical role of the food industry in cultural change about infant feeding in early childhood is highlighted, through communication strategies directed at both the general population and health professionals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a broader perspective, the historical role of the food industry in cultural change about infant feeding in early childhood is highlighted, through communication strategies directed at both the general population and health professionals. 5,6 Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the pattern of weight gain and factors associated with deviations above the expected for age, sex and birth weight among preschool children from a region of high socioeconomic vulnerability in the city of Maceió, Alagoas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre- And Perinatal Factors Associated With Weight Gain Among Preschool Children Enrolled at Day Care Centers

Almeida

Menezes

Sobral

et al. 2020

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To identify the factors associated with excessive weight gain in preschool children enrolled at daycare centers in a capital of the Northeast region of Brazil. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the five daycare centers located in the city’s district of most socioeconomic vulnerability. The study included 326 preschool children (17 to 63 months old) from both genders. The dependent variable was the conditional weight gain (CWG), that represents how much a child, according to their gender, deviated from their peers in relation to the expected weight gain, given sample’s birthweight, gender, and age at the survey. Univariate tests (t-test and analysis of variance) were used to compare CWG means according to environmental and biological factors, considering the independent variables with p<0.20 as electable for the multiple linear regression model. In the final model, variables with p<0.05 or that contributed to the model adjustment were kept. Results: Children’s mean age was 45.4±9.9 months, and 53.4% of the sample consisted of boys. The prevalence of overweight was 7%. In the multivariable linear regression model, it was possible to identify that the following factors were associated with excessive weight gain among preschool children: less than six prenatal care visits (0.36 SD [95%CI 0.13–0.60]), not rooming-in in the postpartum period (0.30 SD [95%CI 0.03–0.58]), and never breastfed (0.44 SD [95%CI 0.06–0.81]). Conclusions: Inadequate prenatal (appointments) and perinatal care (mother-infant rooming-in and absence of breastfeeding) were associated with excessive weight gain among low-income preschool children.

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“…exclusive breastfeeding) and harmful (e.g. SBB consumption) risk factors for childhood obesity , randomized trials (RCTs) have offered limited evidence about the long‐term impact of reducing harmful exposures and increasing beneficial exposures either singly or in combination with each other . In addition, results from RCTs are not always generalizable to the population that would be receiving the interventions, partly because of the selective enrolment of participants into the trials .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projecting the impact of hypothetical early life interventions on adiposity in children living in low‐income households

Nianogo

Wang

et al. 2016

Pediatric Obesity

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Background It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing early childhood obesity using randomized trials. Objective To illustrate how observational data can be analyzed using causal inference methods to estimate the potential impact of behavioral “interventions” on early childhood adiposity. Methods We used longitudinal data from 1054 children 1–5 years old enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) and followed from 2008 to 2010 for a mean duration of 23 months. The data came from a random sample of WIC families living in Los Angeles County in 2008. We used the parametric g-formula to estimate the impact of various hypothetical behavioral interventions. Results Adjusted mean weight-for-height Z score at the end of follow-up was 0.73 (95% CI 0.65, 0.81) under no intervention, and 0.63 (95% CI 0.38, 0.87) for all interventions given jointly. Exclusive breastfeeding for six months or longer was the most effective intervention [population mean difference = −0.11 (95% CI −0.22, 0.01)]. Other interventions had little or no effect. Conclusions Compared with interventions promoting healthy eating and physical activity behaviors, breastfeeding was more effective in reducing obesity risk in children aged 1–5 years. When carefully applied, causal inference methods may offer viable alternatives to randomized trials in etiologic and evaluation research.

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The role of exclusive breastfeeding and sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption on preschool children's weight gain

Abstract: As hypothesized, the exposure variables acted in opposite directions, but the harmful effect of SSBs intake had greater magnitude than the beneficial effect of EB on children's CWG.

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Prospective associations of age at complementary feeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration with body mass index at 5–6 years within different risk groups

Prospective associations of age at complementary feeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration with body mass index at 5–6 years within different risk groups

Pre- And Perinatal Factors Associated With Weight Gain Among Preschool Children Enrolled at Day Care Centers

Projecting the impact of hypothetical early life interventions on adiposity in children living in low‐income households

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