The Role of Extracellular DNA in Salmonella Biofilms

Özdemir, Caner; Akçelik, Nefise; Akçelik, Mustafa

doi:10.3103/s089141681801010x

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These fluctuations can reflect changes in the metabolic adaptation of freshly adhered bacteria, as well as the influence of extracellular nucleic acid-coated colonizers 72,73 facilitating the initial phases of biofilm formation 74 . However, this latter point requires further research since extracellular nucleic acids could also inhibit biofilm formation in some bacterial species 75 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved understanding of biofilm development by Piscirickettsia salmonis reveals potential risks for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis

Levipan

Irgang

Yáñez

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Piscirickettsia salmonis is the causative agent of piscirickettsiosis, a disease with high socioeconomic impacts for Chilean salmonid aquaculture. The identification of major environmental reservoirs for P. salmonis has long been ignored. Most microbial life occurs in biofilms, with possible implications in disease outbreaks as pathogen seed banks. Herein, we report on an in vitro analysis of biofilm formation by P. salmonis Psal-103 (LF-89-like genotype) and Psal-104 (EM-90-like genotype), the aim of which was to gain new insights into the ecological role of biofilms using multiple approaches. The cytotoxic response of the salmon head kidney cell line to P. salmonis showed interisolate differences, depending on the source of the bacterial inoculum (biofilm or planktonic). Biofilm formation showed a variable-length lag-phase, which was associated with wider fluctuations in biofilm viability. Interisolate differences in the lag phase emerged regardless of the nutritional content of the medium, but both isolates formed mature biofilms from 288 h onwards. Psal-103 biofilms were sensitive to Atlantic salmon skin mucus during early formation, whereas Psal-104 biofilms were more tolerant. The ability of P. salmonis to form viable and mucus-tolerant biofilms on plastic surfaces in seawater represents a potentially important environmental risk for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis. Piscirickettsiosis, or salmon rickettsial septicemia, is a fish disease caused by the facultative intracellular bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. First described in relation to the Chilean salmon farming industry 1 , this pathogen has since been reported in North America and Europe 2. A decade ago, P. salmonis was considered an obligate intracellular pathogen 3 , but later research achieved growth on artificial cell-free media 4,5. P. salmonis can survive outside of hosts for a long time as free-living cells, having been detected around salmon farms by qPCR up to 30 days after cage emptying 6 or as a biofilm mode-of-growth in a marine broth medium for 15-30 days 7. Biofilm formation is a multi-step process that involves bacterial attachment to surfaces, microcolony formation, growthdependent maturation, and cell detachment from mature biofilms to colonize new habitats 8. One persisting question is if the survival behavior of P. salmonis as a free-living bacterium is linked with a biofilm lifestyle in marine habitats. Bacterial biofilms are nearly ubiquitous in all major habitats 9 , including some synthetic habitats, such as the "plastisphere" of marine environments 10-12 .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved understanding of biofilm development by Piscirickettsia salmonis reveals potential risks for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis

Levipan

Irgang

Yáñez

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…These results indicate that the controlled membrane fouling by DNase for the initial fouling stage would be more effective. Das et al also reported a similar result; they found that DNase addition resulted in the non-specific hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in DNA and the initial biofilm disintegration [11], whereas the DNase had no significant effect on the structural integrity of the mature biofilms [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Characterization of the Fouling Layer on the Membrane Surface in a Membrane Bioreactor: Evolution of the Foulants’ Composition and Aggregation Ability

Yan

Song

et al. 2019

Membranes

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In this study, the characteristics of membrane foulants were analyzed with regard to morphology, composition, and aggregation ability during the three stages of transmembrane pressure (TMP) development (fast–slow–fast rise in TMP) in a steady operational membrane bioreactor (MBR). The results obtained show that the fouling layer at the slow TMP-increase stage possessed a higher average roughness (71.27 nm) and increased fractal dimension (2.33), which resulted in a low membrane fouling rate (0.87 kPa/d). A higher extracellular DNA (eDNA) proportion (26.12%) in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) resulted in both higher zeta potential (-23.3 mV) and higher hydrophobicity (82.3%) for initial foulants, which induced and increased the protein proportion in the subsequent fouling layer (74.11%). Furthermore, the main composition of the EPS shifted from protein toward polysaccharide dominance in the final fouling layer. The aggregation test confirmed that eDNA was essential for foulant aggregation in the initial fouling layer, whereas ion interaction significantly affected foulant aggregation in the final fouling layer.

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“…Similarly, the current study showed that biofilm biomass of S. typhimurium was reduced by AHLase treatment at different dosages especially at 1 U/mL, which inhibited biofilm formation by nearly 87%. As a structural component of the extracellular matrix in biofilm, eDNA can fortify the biofilm stability and resistance of Salmonella by strengthening cell–cell adhesion and interacting with other matrix components in biofilm ( Johnson et al., 2013 ; Ozdemir et al., 2018 ). Bacterial structures including fimbriae (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-acyl homoserine lactonase attenuates the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium and its induction of intestinal damages in broilers

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Animal Nutrition

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The Role of Extracellular DNA in Salmonella Biofilms

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Improved understanding of biofilm development by Piscirickettsia salmonis reveals potential risks for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis

Improved understanding of biofilm development by Piscirickettsia salmonis reveals potential risks for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis

Characterization of the Fouling Layer on the Membrane Surface in a Membrane Bioreactor: Evolution of the Foulants’ Composition and Aggregation Ability

N-acyl homoserine lactonase attenuates the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium and its induction of intestinal damages in broilers

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