The role of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes in oleic acid metabolism: FADS1 Δ7 desaturates 11-20:1 to 7,11-20:2

Park, Hui Gyu; Engel, Matthew G.; Vogt-Lowell, Kyle; Lawrence, Peter; Kothapalli, Kumar S.D.; Brenna, J. Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.11.004

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In our study, oleic acid was higher in VO diets. However, the possible competition of oleic acid for the Δ-6 desaturase appears unlikely, since no lower content of n-6 LCPUFA was observed with VO diets ( 62 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Dairy Lipids in the Diet Increased Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids Status in Post-weaning Rats

et al. 2018

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In human nutrition, optimized the status of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during growth appears to be one of the most important goal. We investigated the potential impact of a partial incorporation of dairy lipids (DL) in the diet to increase the n-3 LCPUFA content in tissues, compared to a mixture of vegetable oils. Rats were fed with vegetable oil diet or DL diet, supplemented or not supplemented with DHA, from weaning for 6 weeks. All diets provided the same quantity of 2.3% of total fatty acids of precursor α-linolenic acid. LCPUFA levels in brain, retina, liver, heart, red blood cells and epididymal adipose tissue, Δ-6 desaturase activity and mRNA expression in liver, and plasma cholesterol were measured. Rats fed a DL diet increased their DHA content in brain and retina compared with rats fed a vegetable oil diet and reached the same level than rats directly supplemented with DHA. The status of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid increased with DL diet in heart, red blood cells and liver. The n-3 docosapentaenoic acid specifically discriminated DL diets in the heart. DL diet increased α-linolenic acid content in liver and epididymal adipose tissue, provided specific fatty acids as short- and medium-chain fatty acids and myristic acid, and increased plasma cholesterol. We hypothesized that dairy lipids may increase the n-3 LCPUFA enrichment in tissues by preserving precursor α-linolenic acid from β-mitochondrial oxidation, associated with the presence of short- and medium-chain fatty acids in DL diets. In conclusion, a partial incorporation of dairy lipids in the diet with an adequate α-linolenic acid content improved the n-3 LCPUFA status, especially DHA in brain and retina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Dairy Lipids in the Diet Increased Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids Status in Post-weaning Rats

et al. 2018

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“…As oleic acid is also a substrate of Δ-6 desaturase, it could also compete with this enzyme more for VO groups than for DL groups. 61 These results open new perspectives for the improvement of n-3 LC-PUFA status in early life in humans, through the incorporation of dairy lipids instead of high amounts of DHA. Indeed, the lipid compositions of our diets were based on commercial infant formulas, and most infant formula contains a mixture of vegetable oils and no dairy lipids, although closer to the composition of breastmilk.…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 91%

Impact of n-3 Docosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation on Fatty Acid Composition in Rat Differs Depending upon Tissues and Is Influenced by the Presence of Dairy Lipids in the Diet

Drouin

Guillocheau

Catheline

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA) could be a novel source of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) with beneficial physiological effects. Following the supplementation of 0.5% purified n-3 DPA for 3 weeks from weaning, the n-3 DPA content increased in one-half of the 18 studied tissues (from +50% to +110%, p < 0.05) and mostly affected the spleen, lung, heart, liver, and bone marrow. The n-3 DPA was slightly converted into DHA (+20% in affected tissues, p < 0.05) and mostly retroconverted into EPA (35-46% of n-3 DPA intake in liver and kidney) showing an increased content of these LCPUFA in specific tissues. The partial incorporation of dairy lipids in the diet for 6 weeks increased overall n-3 PUFA status and brain DHA status. Furthermore, the n-3 DPA supplementation and dairy lipids had an additive effect on the increase of n-3 PUFA tissue contents. Moreover, n-3 DPA supplementation decreased plasma cholesterol.

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“…New pathways involving SFA and MUFA are going to be discovered, provided that analytical protocols are able to give satisfactory results, such as was recently shown by the transformation of oleic acid in MCF7 cell lines into an eicosanoic fatty acid (7cis, 11cis-20:2) obtained by the unusual activity of FADS1 desaturase introducing a double bond at the level of C7 and not C5 [ 92 ]. Considering all the published work on the subject, so far only our experiments with cancer cell lines demonstrated the new pathway that brings about endogenous PUFA synthesis (sebaleic acid) and determined the n-10 FA insertion at the level of membrane phospholipids.…”

Section: The Study Of the Cancer Lipidome And The Discovery Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids and Membrane Lipidomics in Oncology: A Cross-Road of Nutritional, Signaling and Metabolic Pathways

Ferreri

Sansone

Ferreri³

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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Fatty acids are closely involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism in cancer. Their amount and composition are dependent on dietary supply and tumor microenviroment. Research in this subject highlighted the crucial event of membrane formation, which is regulated by the fatty acids’ molecular properties. The growing understanding of the pathways that create the fatty acid pool needed for cell replication is the result of lipidomics studies, also envisaging novel fatty acid biosynthesis and fatty acid-mediated signaling. Fatty acid-driven mechanisms and biological effects in cancer onset, growth and metastasis have been elucidated, recognizing the importance of polyunsaturated molecules and the balance between omega-6 and omega-3 families. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are biomarkers in several types of cancer, and their characterization in cell membranes and exosomes is under development for diagnostic purposes. Desaturase enzymatic activity with unprecedented de novo polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis is considered the recent breakthrough in this scenario. Together with the link between obesity and cancer, fatty acids open interesting perspectives for biomarker discovery and nutritional strategies to control cancer, also in combination with therapies. All these subjects are described using an integrated approach taking into account biochemical, biological and analytical aspects, delineating innovations in cancer prevention, diagnostics and treatments.

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The role of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes in oleic acid metabolism: FADS1 Δ7 desaturates 11-20:1 to 7,11-20:2

Abstract: Alternative pathways for oleic acid metabolism exist depending on FADS2 or FADS1 activities, we present the first evidence of Δ7 desaturation via the FADS1 gene product.

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

Incorporation of Dairy Lipids in the Diet Increased Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids Status in Post-weaning Rats

Incorporation of Dairy Lipids in the Diet Increased Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids Status in Post-weaning Rats

Impact of n-3 Docosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation on Fatty Acid Composition in Rat Differs Depending upon Tissues and Is Influenced by the Presence of Dairy Lipids in the Diet

Fatty Acids and Membrane Lipidomics in Oncology: A Cross-Road of Nutritional, Signaling and Metabolic Pathways

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