The Role of Fecal Calprotectin in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)

Polkowska-Pruszyńska, Beata; Gerkowicz, Agnieszka; Rawicz‐Pruszyński, Karol; Krasowska, Dorota

doi:10.3390/diagnostics10080587

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finding out about micronutrient de ciency which is one of malnutrition symptoms, can be obtained by various laboratory tests (52). In Polkowska-Pruszyńskas's study, FC is a sensitive and speci c indicator for the diagnosis of SIBO in SSc patients, but FC alone is not su cient to diagnose SIBO (53). the Calprotectin level correlated with intestinal wall thickness, the presence of (SIBO), and micronutrients of studied patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The Frequency of Positive Cases of Fecal Calprotectin, and Related Factors in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Fatemi

Zahedpasha

Hedayatmofidi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aim: SSc (Systemic sclerosis) is a systemic inflammatory heterogeneous disease, characterized by fibrosis of skin and internal organs particularly the gastrointestinal tract by affecting any part of it. Calprotectin is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein and its level increases during an inflammatory process in the presence of neutrophils, measurable in plasma, urine, saliva, and feces. FC (Fecal calprotectin) is a non-invasive and repeatable marker for the diagnosis of intestinal inflammation and unlike other inflammatory markers, the FC level is not affected by other sources of inflammation other than intestines. The quality of life in SSc patients is severely affected by gastrointestinal disorders. So, we decided to examine FC as a simple and accessible method with no complication to diagnose gastrointestinal disorders and the extent of disease activity.Materials and methods: Totally 46 patients with SSc were invited to include in our study. Seven patients did not enter our study because of having the items in exclusion criteria. For the remaining 39 patients, a questionnaire about gastrointestinal disorders symptoms (UCLA SCTS 2.0) was filled in and then their skin was examined and the skin score was determined. Stool samples were collected to measure the calprotectin level. Barium Swallow and CT Enterography was done to determine gastrointestinal disorders. FC level wasn’t less than 50µgr/gr in any of our cases, therefore the patients was divided into two groups: the one with FC level less than 200 µgr/gr and the one with FC level as 200 µgr/gr or more than 200 µgr/gr and the latter was considered as positive. Chi-Square test was used and to determine the correlation between FC level and age, disease type, qualitative findings in radiography and quantitative variables like skin score.Results: The correlation between FC level and sex was not verifiable cause all patients were female. Increased levels of FC didn’t have any correlation with age (P Value=0.79), disease type (P Value=0.59), skin score (P Value=0.25), final GI score (P Value=0.30), esophageal dilatation (P Value=0.18), small intestine wall thickening (P Value=0.10), and none of serum tests. Also, no signs of micronutrient deficiencies related to FC level was found due to vitamin and mineral supplements consumption in most of our patients.Discussion and Conclusion: Although there was no statistical correlation between FC level and variables, but the results are in favor of FC specificity to assess intestinal wall thickness, which due to the small sample size requires to be assessed in future researchers’ study with a larger sample size.The main cause of the lack of statistical significance in the relationships of our study can be the low sample size. Therefore, it is recommended that in future researchers’ study with a larger sample size.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The Frequency of Positive Cases of Fecal Calprotectin, and Related Factors in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Fatemi

Zahedpasha

Hedayatmofidi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Initial biochemical characterization of SIBO patients showed an increase in CRP and FC as compared with controls ( Table 1 ). Fecal calprotectin is frequently considered as a marker of SIBO, especially when this disorder is associated with some mental disturbances, reflecting a potential involvement of the gut–brain axis in SIBO pathogenesis [ 9 ]. In turn, increased CRP as a marker of inflammation, confirms inflammatory aspects of SIBO as it can evoke an inflammatory reaction in the intestinal mucosa, potentiating main symptoms of the disease, although no correlation was found between SIBO severity and inflammation in obese children [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently applied diagnostic tests suffer from serious limitations, as they largely either invasive or unreliable [ 6 , 8 ]. Some authors link SIBO with inflammation and consequently, inflammatory markers, such as fecal calprotectin, can be used to diagnose the disease (reviewed in [ 9 ]). Some nutritional disturbances, including increased folate and vitamin B12 deficiency, resulting from bacterial synthesis of folic acid, can be helpful in SIBO diagnosis ([ 6 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism in Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth—A Pilot Study with Patients Diagnosed with Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test and Treated with Rifaximin

Chojnacki

Popławski

Konrad

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition associated with diverse clinical conditions and there is no gold standard in its diagnosis and treatment. Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism may be involved in etiology of gastrointestinal diseases and is regulated by intestinal microbiota. In our study we investigated aspects of the serotonin (5-HT) pathway of Trp metabolism in three groups of individuals based on the hydrogen concentration in the lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT): controls (<20 ppm) and SIBO patients (≥20 ppm), with diarrhea (SIBO-D) or constipation (SIBO-C). The SIBO-D patients showed an increased serum concentration of 5-HT and small intestinal mucosa mRNA expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1), a rate-limiting enzyme in 5-HT biosynthesis. Urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main metabolite of 5-HT, was higher in both group of SIBO patients than controls. A positive correlation between 5-HIAA and LHBT was observed. A two-week treatment with rifaximin decreased hydrogen in LHBT and 5-HIAA concentration in SIBO patients. In conclusion, the serotonin pathway of Trp metabolism may play a role in the pathogenesis of hydrogen-positive SIBO and it may influence the diversification of SIBO into variants with diarrhea or constipation. As urinary 5-HIAA concentration correlates with LHBT, TPH-1 expression in colonic mucosa and TH-5 in serum of SIBO patients, it can be considered as a non-invasive marker of this condition.

show abstract

“…49 Patients with SIBO complain more frequently of abdominal pain/discomfort, bloating, diarrhea or constipation compared to healthy controls (HC). 50 Furthermore, patients with SIBO have higher levels of fecal calprotectin (a bowel inflammatory marker). 50 Approximately 10% of SSc patients can develop malnutrition, 51 with lower levels of serum albumin and vitamin B12 and reduced quality of life.…”

Section: Microbiota Changes In the Lower Digestive Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 Furthermore, patients with SIBO have higher levels of fecal calprotectin (a bowel inflammatory marker). 50 Approximately 10% of SSc patients can develop malnutrition, 51 with lower levels of serum albumin and vitamin B12 and reduced quality of life. 49,51 Regarding the microbiota composition in SSc and SIBO patients, a study published in 2019 reported an abundance of Odoribacter, Bilophila and Lachnospira species, finding…”

Section: Microbiota Changes In the Lower Digestive Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestive Dysbiosis in Systemic Scleroderma: a Review

Bratoiu

Burlui

Richter

et al. 2021

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by widespread microvasculopathy, inflammation, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is associated with a wide variety of symptoms and affects circa 90% of patients during the course of the disease. The gastrointestinal microbiota contains trillions of microbial cells and has been found to contribute to both local and systemic homeostasis. In both health and disease, a dynamic interrelationship between gut microbiome activity and the host immune system has been identified. Gastrointestinal dysbiosis has been described as having an important role in obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric disorders, neoplasia, as well as autoimmunity. Recent scientific data indicates a notable role of dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of SSc-related digestive involvement together with various other clinical manifestations. The present review aims to summarize the recent findings regarding digestive dysbiosis as well as the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota and certain features of SSc.

show abstract

The Role of Fecal Calprotectin in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

The Frequency of Positive Cases of Fecal Calprotectin, and Related Factors in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

The Frequency of Positive Cases of Fecal Calprotectin, and Related Factors in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Serotonin Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism in Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth—A Pilot Study with Patients Diagnosed with Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test and Treated with Rifaximin

Digestive Dysbiosis in Systemic Scleroderma: a Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About