The role of fibrosis biomarkers in predicting the development of myocardial electrical instability (a literature review)

Abstract

The aim. To analyze scientific researches on studying the biomarkers of fibrosis based on a review of the most recent publications for the possibility to predict electrical myocardial instability development. In total, 101 sources of literature related to the role of fibrosis biomarkers in the past 5 years were analyzed. The review of the literature has shown that myocardial fibrosis іs considered to be an arrhythmogenic substrate for ventricular arrhythmias, as it provides structural and functional disorders of the cardiac electrical activity. Markers of fibrosis, which are measured in cardiac pathology, allow determining the risk of electrical myocardial instability, which is a pathophysiological mechanism underlying sudden arrhythmic death. Conclusions. Markers of fibrosis such as aldosterone, galectin-3 and transforming growth factor-β1, which are measured in heart failure, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, have been found to predict myocardial electrical instability. Prediction of myocardial electrical instability in patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease based on studies of the association between frequent ventricular arrhythmias and plasma biomarkers of fibrosis (aldosterone, galectin-3, and transforming growth factor-β1) has not been discussed in the literature.