The role of functional materials to produce high areal capacity lithium sulfur battery

Recent advances of hollow-structured sulfur cathodes for lithium–sulfur batteries

“…Despite the growing research work on the other components, such as solid-state electrolytes and lithium metal anodes, research on the entire LSB systems is still lacking. [183][184][185][186] Furthermore, the interplay of different components has not yet been well understood. LSBs are a complicated system, and a step closer to practical application of LSBs may lie in the incorporation of the advances in different components, and a better understanding of the interplay among them.…”

Ionic Additives to Increase Electrochemical Utilization of Sulfur Cathode for Li-S Batteries

“…Because the low-order polysulfide (l-PS, Li 2 S x , 1 ≤ x ≤ 2) is insoluble in the electrolyte, the electrochemical conversion of h-PS gives a discharge product on cathode surface in the form of precipitated l-PS. This means that the electrochemically active sites (which are responsible for the electrochemical reaction) gradually disappear with the increasing insulation by accumulating l-PS, which disrupts any additional utilization of the remaining active material in the electrolyte [19][20][21]. As a result, the insoluble nature of l-PS considerably affects the electrochemical performance including the cycle performance and the rate capability of the Li-S cell.…”

Separator coatings as efficient physical and chemical hosts of polysulfides for high-sulfur-loaded rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries

“…However, nonpolar carbon materials exhibit weak intermolecular interactions (0.1-0.7 eV) with the PSs [31] . In this regard, the development of composite coatings of carbon with functional polymers has attracted large interest to mitigate the shuttle effect at high sulfur loadings [32,33] . KB is a highly porous and highly conductive carbon material [32] , which has been extensively used as an LSB separator coating [18,[34][35][36][37][38] .…”