The Role of Gap Junction Channels During Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions of the Human Central Nervous System

Eugenín, Eliseo A.; Basilio, Daniel; Sáez, Juan C.; Orellana, Juan A.; Raine, Cedric S.; Bukauskas, Feliksas F.; Bennett, Michael V. L.; Berman, Joan W.

doi:10.1007/s11481-012-9352-5

Cited by 115 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 311 publications

(352 reference statements)

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“…Astrocytes are interconnected through gap junctional coupling into a network that allows communication between individual astrocytes (70,233). The astrocyte network might possess unique features that could be compared with a matrixlike system spread throughout the CNS, able to constantly sense the environment, interact with other cellular elements, and mount appropriate responses (FIGURES 3, 4, and 5).…”

Section: Starting With a Healthy Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocyte Reactivity and Reactive Astrogliosis: Costs and Benefits

Pekny

Pekna

2014

Physiological Reviews

738

576

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Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that provide nutrients, recycle neurotransmitters, as well as fulfill a wide range of other homeostasis maintaining functions. During the past two decades, astrocytes emerged also as increasingly important regulators of neuronal functions including the generation of new nerve cells and structural as well as functional synapse remodeling. Reactive gliosis or reactive astrogliosis is a term coined for the morphological and functional changes seen in astroglial cells/astrocytes responding to CNS injury and other neurological diseases. Whereas this defensive reaction of astrocytes is conceivably aimed at handling the acute stress, limiting tissue damage, and restoring homeostasis, it may also inhibit adaptive neural plasticity mechanisms underlying recovery of function. Understanding the multifaceted roles of astrocytes in the healthy and diseased CNS will undoubtedly contribute to the development of treatment strategies that will, in a context-dependent manner and at appropriate time points, modulate reactive astrogliosis to promote brain repair and reduce the neurological impairment.

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Section: Starting With a Healthy Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocyte Reactivity and Reactive Astrogliosis: Costs and Benefits

Pekny

Pekna

2014

Physiological Reviews

738

576

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“…Observations recently reported suggest that astrocytes may have an even more intimate relationship with neurons by establishing contact with them through gap junctions (GJ) 16 that allow both types of cells to exchange molecules and ions, modifying their metabolism and the expression of their genes 17 .…”

Section: Neuron-astrocyte Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possibly the answer to this question resides in the connection that neurons and astrocytes establish at the tripartite synapse 16,31 .…”

Section: A Thought About Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are astrocytes executive cells within the central nervous system?

Sica

Caccuri

Quarracino

et al. 2016

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Experimental evidence suggests that astrocytes play a crucial role in the physiology of the central nervous system (CNS) by modulating synaptic activity and plasticity. Based on what is currently known we postulate that astrocytes are fundamental, along with neurons, for the information processing that takes place within the CNS. On the other hand, experimental findings and human observations signal that some of the primary degenerative diseases of the CNS, like frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s dementia, Huntington’s dementia, primary cerebellar ataxias and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, all of which affect the human species exclusively, may be due to astroglial dysfunction. This hypothesis is supported by observations that demonstrated that the killing of neurons by non-neural cells plays a major role in the pathogenesis of those diseases, at both their onset and their progression. Furthermore, recent findings suggest that astrocytes might be involved in the pathogenesis of some psychiatric disorders as well.

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“…The gap junction serves intercellular exchange of ions or small molecules between neighboring cells' cytosolic compartments. Inflammatory response attributed to infection is often associated with the loss of such an exchange channel (Eugenin et al, 2012). Five genes in this pathway were perturbed, with subpathways both up-and down-regulated ( Figure 4B).…”

Section: Calcium Signaling In Response To B Burgdorferi Infection Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammatory responses due to infection often associate with increased expression of ion channels like gap junctions to facilitate cellular communication (Eugenin et al, 2012). Moreover, studies have shown that gap function regulation plays a role in triggering cell death in virus-infected cells in the CNS (Eugenin et al 2012).…”

Section: Blood-brain Barrier Disruption In Response To Borrelia Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transcriptome Study of Borrelia burgdorferi Infection in Murine Heart and Brain Tissues

Carey¹,

Ho²

2017

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The Role of Gap Junction Channels During Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions of the Human Central Nervous System

Cited by 115 publications

References 311 publications

Astrocyte Reactivity and Reactive Astrogliosis: Costs and Benefits

Astrocyte Reactivity and Reactive Astrogliosis: Costs and Benefits

Are astrocytes executive cells within the central nervous system?

A Transcriptome Study of Borrelia burgdorferi Infection in Murine Heart and Brain Tissues

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