The Role of GATA in Mammalian Reproduction

LaVoie, Holly A.

doi:10.1177/153537020322801107

Cited by 112 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…These are highly conserved zinc finger-containing proteins that are found across the phylogenetic scale where they have conserved roles regulating cell differentiation, organ morphogenesis, and tissue-specific gene expression (32,34,61,62,68). In the reproductive system, GATA4 is essential for mouse gonad development and male sex determination (34,62). While the precise mechanism by which GATA4 drives the indifferent gonad down the male pathway remains to be determined, various GATA4-regulated genes have been identified that are likely to have a role, including the male-determining gene Sry and the male-inhibitory gene Mis (60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This well-studied class of zinc-transcription factors has a conserved and important role in embryonic development and activates the transcription of several key transcription factor genes during the formation of gonads (62). GATA factors are also expressed in Sertoli cells in male gonads after birth, leading to widely held notion that they serve to drive spermatogenesis (34,43,62,63). Our finding that GATA factors transcriptionally activate Rhox5 suggests that upregulation of this germ cell survival factor is one means by which GATA factors could promote spermatogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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GATA Factors and Androgen Receptor Collaborate To Transcriptionally Activate theRhox5Homeobox Gene in Sertoli Cells

Bhardwaj

Rao

Kaur

et al. 2008

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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How Sertoli-specific expression is initiated is poorly understood. Here, we address this issue using the proximal promoter (Pp) from the Rhox5 homeobox gene. Its Sertoli cell-specific expression is achieved, in part, through a negative regulatory element that inhibits Pp transcription in non-Sertoli cell lines. Complementing this negative regulation is positive regulation conferred by four androgen-response elements (AREs) that interact with the androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear hormone receptor expressed at high levels in Sertoli cells. A third control mechanism is provided by a consensus GATA-binding site that is crucial for Pp transcription both in vitro and in vivo. Several lines of evidence suggested that GATA factors and AR act cooperatively to activate Pp transcription: (i) the GATA-binding site crucial for Pp transcription is in close proximity to two of the AREs, (ii) GATA and AR form a complex with the Pp in vitro, (iii) overexpression of GATA factors rescued expression from mutant Pp constructs harboring defective AREs, and (iv) incubation of a Sertoli cell line with testosterone triggered corecruitment of AR and GATA4 to the Pp. Collectively, our results suggest that the Rhox5 gene achieves Sertoli cell-specific transcription using a combinatorial strategy involving negative and cooperative positive regulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

GATA Factors and Androgen Receptor Collaborate To Transcriptionally Activate theRhox5Homeobox Gene in Sertoli Cells

Bhardwaj

Rao

Kaur

et al. 2008

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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“…GATA-2 has been recently identified as a potentially useful candidate marker gene of muscle hypertrophy (Musarò et al, 1999;Paul and Rosenthal, 2002). In mammals, the GATA zinc-finger transcription factor family comprises six gene members that can be divided into 2 sub-groups, based on structure and function (LaVoie, 2003). GATA-1/-2/-3 members are often associated with haematopoiesis and neural development.…”

Section: Fibre Types: Coordinated Isoform-specific Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key signalling factors and pathways in the molecular determination of skeletal muscle phenotype

Chang

2007

Animal

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The molecular basis and control of the biochemical and biophysical properties of skeletal muscle, regarded as muscle phenotype, are examined in terms of fibre number, fibre size and fibre types. A host of external factors or stimuli, such as ligand binding and contractile activity, are transduced in muscle into signalling pathways that lead to protein modifications and changes in gene expression which ultimately result in the establishment of the specified phenotype. In skeletal muscle, the key signalling cascades include the Ras-extracellular signal regulated kinase-mitogen activated protein kinase (Erk-MAPK), the phosphatidylinositol 3 0 -kinase (PI3K)-Akt1, p38 MAPK, and calcineurin pathways. The molecular effects of external factors on these pathways revealed complex interactions and functional overlap. A major challenge in the manipulation of muscle of farm animals lies in the identification of regulatory and target genes that could effect defined and desirable changes in muscle quality and quantity. To this end, recent advances in functional genomics that involve the use of micro-array technology and proteomics are increasingly breaking new ground in furthering our understanding of the molecular determinants of muscle phenotype.

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“…At all four stages of development, Sertoli cell growth fraction was determined using Ki67 as a marker of proliferating cells (Whitfield et al 2006). For this purpose, GATA4 was used as a marker of Sertoli cells (LaVoie 2003). Spermatogonial differentiation was assessed using GFRa-1 and cKIT as markers of undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia (Aponte et al 2005, Hermann et al 2009 respectively.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sertoli cell differentiation in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) is an early event in puberty and precedes attainment of the adult complement of undifferentiated spermatogonia

Simorangkir

Ramaswamy²,

Marshall³

et al. 2012

Reproduction

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In primates, the time course of Sertoli cell proliferation and differentiation during puberty and its relationship with the expansion of undifferentiated type A spermatogonia that occurs at this critical stage of development are poorly defined. Mid and late juvenile and early and late pubertal male rhesus monkeys were studied. Testes were immersion fixed, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned at 5 mm. Sertoli cell number per testis, S-phase labeling (BrdU), and growth fraction (Ki67 labeling) were determined and correlated with corresponding parameters for undifferentiated type A spermatogonia (A dark and A pale). Dual fluorescence labeling was used in addition to histochemistry to monitor spermatogonial differentiation during the peripubertal period using GFRa-1 and cKIT as markers. While the adult complement of Sertoli cells/testis was attained in early pubertal monkeys after only a few weeks of exposure to the elevated gonadotropin secretion characteristic of this developmental stage, the number of undifferentiated type A spermatogonia several months later in mid pubertal monkeys was only 50% of that in adult testes. Both A dark and A pale spermatogonia exhibited high S-phase BrdU labeling at all stages of juvenile and pubertal development. Spermatogonial differentiation, as reflected histochemically and by relative changes in GFRa-1 and cKIT expression, was not observed until after the initiation of puberty. In the rhesus monkey and maybe in other higher primates including human, the pubertal proliferation of undifferentiated spermatogonia is insidious and proceeds in the wake of a surge in Sertoli cell proliferation following termination of the juvenile stage of development.

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The Role of GATA in Mammalian Reproduction

Cited by 112 publications

References 104 publications

GATA Factors and Androgen Receptor Collaborate To Transcriptionally Activate theRhox5Homeobox Gene in Sertoli Cells

GATA Factors and Androgen Receptor Collaborate To Transcriptionally Activate theRhox5Homeobox Gene in Sertoli Cells

Key signalling factors and pathways in the molecular determination of skeletal muscle phenotype

Sertoli cell differentiation in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) is an early event in puberty and precedes attainment of the adult complement of undifferentiated spermatogonia

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