The role of gender in the association between personality and task priority in older adults’ dual-tasking while walking

Abstract

BackgroundFalls are a major problem for older adults. Many falls occur when a person’s attention is divided between two tasks, such as a dual task (DT) involving walking. Most recently, the role of personality in walking performance was addressed; however, its association with DT performance remains to be determined.MethodsThis cross-sectional study of 73 older, community-dwelling adults explores the association between personality and DT walking and the role of gender in this relationship. Personality was evaluated using the five-factor model. Single-task (ST) and DT assessment of walking-cognitive DT performance comprised a 1-min walking task and an arithmetic task performed separately (ST) and concurrently (DT). Dual-task costs (DTCs), reflecting the proportional difference between ST and DT performance, were also calculated.ResultsGender plays a role in the relationship between personality and DT. Extraversion was negatively associated with DTC-motor for men (ΔR2 = 0.06, p < 0.05). Conscientiousness was positively associated with DTC-cognition for women (ΔR2 = 0.08, p < 0.01).ConclusionThese findings may lead to effective personality-based early detection and intervention for fall prevention.

Hospital Complications and Frailty in Mexican Older Adults: An Emergency Care Cohort Analysis

“…Our study shows that an already frail older adult who is hospitalized is at the highest risk of developing adverse outcomes. In the previous work of this hospitalized cohort, we reported a high mortality rate (21.8%) ( 24 ). Moreover, more than half of the participants had frailty levels above 0.2.…”

“…One of the main limitations of our work is that there is no consensus on how to define ED complications; therefore, our study should be considered exploratory. However, it addresses the growing impact of frailty on health care systems and the further deterioration experienced by older adults ( 9 , 24 , 37 ). That being said, the high number of excluded individuals may be responsible for the non-significant associations of phase angle with frailty.…”

“…We conducted secondary analysis of a Mexican ED cohort; complete objectives and procedures are available elsewhere ( 24 ). In summary, the main aim of the study was to test whether an intervention based on geriatric care training of emergency care resident physicians reduced frailty levels in patients 60 years or older who were admitted to the ED in one of two general hospitals in Mexico City.…”

Computational drug repurposing for inflammatory bowel disease using genetic information

“… Drug Link to IBD Toxicity Cefadroxil Alanine aminopeptidase (ANPEP): Involved in the production and processing of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN- γ , IL-1 ß , IL-6, IL-8) [ 16 ] Peptide Transporter 1 (PEP1): Abnormally upregulated in colon of IBD patients; induces inflammation through uptake of bacterial peptides from commensal bacteria [ 17 ] Endothelin-1 Receptor (EDNRA): Enhances inflammation through recruitment of T lymphocytes and neutrophils, and release of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines [ 18 ]. Pregnane X Receptor (NR1l2): Shown to protect against IBD through dysregulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling cascade [ 19 ] Mild Side effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain may occur) [ 26 ] Propantheline Bromide Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor m1 (CHRM1): Muscarinic receptor antagonist that acts as a antispasmodic agent; not suitable for IBD overall [ 20 ] Mild side effects such as dry mouth, constipation and urinary retention [ 27 ] Severe side effects such as tachyarrhythmia, hallucinations, delirium, and cognitive impairment can occur [ 27 ] Lanatoside C Protein kinase C∂ (PRKCD): Involved in the regulation of several key IBD signaling pathways such as MAPK, NF-κB, c-Myc, and TNF- α [ 21 ] Can cause anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and neurological symptoms [ 28 ] Can rarely trigger fatal arrhythmias [ 28 ] Rifabutin Hsp90 (HSP90AA1, HSP90B1): downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IFN- γ and TNF- α [ 22 ] Mild side effects such as uveitis, rash, nausea, vomiting, neutropenia, anemia, discoloration of skin and body fluids [ 29 ] Liver impairment (rarely) [ 29 ] Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) …”

“…Severe side effects such as tachyarrhythmia, hallucinations, delirium, and cognitive impairment can occur [ 27 ]…”