The role of ghrelin in the organism

Polińska, Beata; Matowicka-Karna, Joanna; Kemona, H

doi:10.5604/17322693.931085

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…During the period of food deprivation the level of ghrelin in blood plasma increases while the level of leptin decreases. This process reverses during food intake [1,2,7,14]. The quality of food is of importance.…”

Section: Overview and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentrations of Ghrelin and Leptin in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Więcek¹,

Woś²

2015

Endocrinol Metab Syndr

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Ghrelin and leptin are peptide hormones which, working antagonistically, regulate the energy balance of the body. Abnormal concentrations of these hormones are observed in the course of gastrointestinal diseases, where the clinical picture is characterized by nutritional disorders. Approximately 70% of patients with cystic fibrosis have body weight deficiency due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, respiratory failure, and secondary circulatory disorders as well as eating disorders. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of ghrelin and leptin in the blood serum of patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, in relation to their nutritional status and function of liver cells. Patients and methods: The study group consisted of 34 patients, 17 girls (50%) and 17 boys (50%), aged from 3 months to 18 years (mean age 4.5 years) who were diagnosed with cystic fibrosis on the basis of screening and/ or diagnostic tests. The analysis included the nutritional status (body weight and height, BMI), CFTR gene mutation, assessment of the exocrine pancreas function (albumin and glucose concentration in the blood serum, acid steatocrit in stool), abnormal lipid metabolism (cholesterol and triglyceride levels in blood serum), as well as liver cell function parameters and cholestasis (serum activity amino-transpherase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, concentration of bile acids, coagulation parameters). In all children, serum ghrelin and leptin levels were measured by means of an immunoenzymatic test, using reagents from DRG Instruments. The results were statistically analyzed. Results: Serum ghrelin levels were significantly lower in the youngest patients (<1 year of age) compared with older age groups. Ghrelin concentration was significantly lower in patients with salt wasting syndrome (p<0.05). The statistically lower serum leptin levels were observed in patients with growth deficiency and increased parameters of cholestasis, particularly in the youngest age group. Conclusion: Ghrelin and leptin levels in children with cystic fibrosis correlate with the nutritional status and can be an early marker of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.

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Section: Overview and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ghrelin and leptin are peptide hormones which are antagonistic towards each other and thus regulate the energy balance of the body [1][2][3]. Ghrelin, whose secretion intensifies as the negative energy balance increases, augments the feeling of hunger and reduces energy expenditure [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of Ghrelin and Leptin in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Więcek¹,

Woś²

2015

Endocrinol Metab Syndr

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“…Three hormones encoded by the ghrelin gene have been discovered in recent years, namely obestatin, de-acylated ghrelin, and acylated ghrelin, also known as bioactive peptides. In previous trials, it was well established that ghrelin displays anti-inflammatory activities (15). Furthermore, the data obtained in these trials showed that hormones encoded by the ghrelin gene are synthesized in the pancreas, emphasizing the protective activity on the pancreas in general (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of appetite hormone ghrelin and obestatin levels in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis

Kanat¹,

Ayten²,

Aydın³

et al. 2014

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aims: Due to risk of morbidity and mortality, various tests and scoring systems used in the assessment of the diagnosis and severity of acute pancreatitis disease are gaining more importance every day. Most of the current scoring systems, validated by various parameters, have a sophisticated and complex structure. Research is ongoing to establish a method to diagnose the disease and determine the severity by using different and simple parameters. In this trial, we aimed to investigate the role of the orexigenic "ghrelin" and anorexigenic "obestatin" hormones, if any, on the diagnosis and assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients hospitalized between September 2009 and September 2010 with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) and 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the trial with a prospective and randomized design. The patients were classified in two groups, mild (Ranson ≤3 and / or Apache II ≤8) and severe (Ranson >3 and/or Apache II >8) cases, as per the Ranson and Apache-II criteria; the ghrelin and obestatin levels in blood samples obtained from the patients were measured using the ELISA method. Results: Twenty-two of the 30 patients (73%) were regarded as mild pancreatitis cases, while 8 cases (27%) were diagnosed as severe pancreatitis. Comparison of the mild and severe pancreatitis groups did not reveal a statistical difference between the two groups in terms of acylated and de-acylated ghrelin values on presentation and following the initiation of oral feeding. Similarly, no significant difference was found in the comparison of the patient and the control groups in terms of acylated and de-acylated ghrelin values on presentation (p=0.863). On the other hand, acylated and de-acylated ghrelin values after initiation of oral feeding were observed to be higher in the patient group (p=0.001, p=0.000). Comparison of these two groups revealed a significant difference in obestatin values, both on presentation and after initiation of oral feeding (p=0.002 and p=0.000). Conclusion: Consistently high serum ghrelin values during pancreatic inflammation suggest that ghrelin may be used as an adjunctive parameter in the monitoring of the course of the disease. On the other hand, high obestatin values in patients on presentation indicate that this hormone is a more significant parameter in terms of diagnosis. However, no correlation was established between these two peptide hormones and the severity of AP.

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“…It stimulates appetite, increases hydrochloric acid secretion, enhances gastrin secretion, regulates gastrointestinal motility, and protects the gastric mucosa. Its effect is not limited to the gastrointestinal tract, it affects the gonads, insulin secretion, the cardiovascular system (inter alia, by suppressing cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells) [38]. Ghrelin decreases arterial pressure and increases the cardiac index [2].…”

Section: Hormones Of the Gastrointe-stinal Tract And Secretion Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine cells in various types of hypertension – a review

Niezgoda

2017

Prog Health Sci

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Recent years have witnessed a progressive increase in the number of people suffering from hypertension, which is one of the most serious health problems in the world. Hypertension results in changes leading to function disorders, not only of the organs and tissues, but also changes leading to the activation of many defense mechanisms in the cells in order to prevent damage. One of them is the expression of neuroendocrine (NE) hormones and biologically active substances, which has been the focus of extensive research for a number of years. Active involvement of NE cells and the biological and therapeutic properties of various substances synthesized by them have been confirmed in clinical trials and in various experimental models. Results obtained in many research studies indicate intense activity of enteroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract in various pathological conditions, including hypertension. In the present review, we discuss the morphological and functional changes of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine cells under conditions of different types of hypertension.

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The role of ghrelin in the organism

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Concentrations of Ghrelin and Leptin in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Concentrations of Ghrelin and Leptin in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Significance of appetite hormone ghrelin and obestatin levels in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine cells in various types of hypertension – a review

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