The Role of Glutamate Dysregulation in the Etiology of ADHD

Sesamol protects against monosodium glutamate-induced attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in rats' Offsprings focused on regulating the GSK3-β/Nrf2/NF-kβ/Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathways

“…However, exposure to high level of MSG, disrupt blood osmolality and increase glutamate influx in the brain, induce excitotoxicity [20][21]22,23 . Excitotoxicity is one of the main hallmarks recognized in ADHD cases, associated with increased intracellular calcium level that disrupt mitochondrial function, increase ROS and RNS release leading to apoptosis or necrosis [24][25] . Administration of MSG was associated with certain damage in the PFC and implicated in impaired attention and locomotor activity in animal model [26][27] .…”