The Role of Glycated Hemoglobin in the Diagnosis and Improved Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus

Aim. The article deals with the individualization of training for football players with diabetes. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during a one-year cycle on football players with diabetes in Moscow (Olympic Village-80) and at the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes DiaEuro-2016 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study consisted of several stages. In the experiment, 22 football players with diabetes mellitus took part, who were allowed to regular trainings and mini-football competitions. The experimental group consisted of 11 players of the Russian national team. The control group included 11 players of the Serbia national team. The age of players was from 18 to 41 years. In the control and experimental groups, we conducted control tests to assess the speed, speed and strength qualities and special endurance. We recorded the matches to analyze the technique and tactics of each player. We also assessed glycated hemoglobin before and after the experiment in football players from the Russian national team. The pedagogical experiment covered the annual training cycle 2015-2016. It consisted of the preparatory period, divided into two stages (general preparation and special preparation), and competitive period. At the end of the experiment, we conducted tests to analyze the effect of the method used on football players with manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Results. The experimental program of sports training for football players with diabetes mellitus covered a one-year training cycle. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, we assessed glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin dosage in athletes with diabetes mellitus. To achieve HbA1c targets the athletes kept strictly to a diet and controlled blood sugar 8-10 times a day. At the end of the experiment, we registered that the majority of players (7 people) had perfect HbA1c (63.64 %), 4 players had optimal HbA1c (36.36 %), and nobody demonstrated sub compensation and decompensation. Conclusion. As a result of the implementation of our method in the preparatory period, players with diabetes improved their physical fitness indicators and the average index of glycated hemoglobin in comparison with the control group. The results obtained for the players of the Russian national team during competitions (control games and games of the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes) prove the necessity of training individualization for athletes with diabetes participating in mini-football competitions.

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Individualization of Physical Load for Footbal Players With Diabetes

Фонарев¹,

Minnakhmetova²,

Minnakhmetov³

et al. 2018

HSM

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus’s Decompensated Form: on the Problem of Effective Pharmacotherapy in Real Clinical Practice

Сафроненко

Gantsgorn

Санина

et al. 2021

Farm. farmakol. (Pâtigorsk)

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The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the pharmacotherapy regimens of the decompensated form of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and to evaluate its effectiveness, its compliance with clinical recommendations.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 54 medical cards of patients with decompensated DM2 was conducted. The 1st group (n=24; 44%) included the patients who had a decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 50% or more in 3 months after hypoglycemic therapy; and the 2nd group (n=30; 56%) – the patients whose HbA1c level decreased by less than 50%.Results. A HbA1c level was 10.4% in the 1st group and 13.2% in the 2nd group (р<0.001). However, the target levels of venous blood plasma glucose and HbA1c were not achieved in any of the patient groups. The total number of the drugs prescribed to the patients ranged from 4 (in 25% (n=6) and 10% (n=3) cases in the 1st and the 2nd groups, respectively) to 8 (in 12.5% (n=3) and 20% (n=6) cases in the 1st and the 2nd, groups, respectively). However, in a number of cases some violations of clinical recommendations were recorded: the prescription to the obese patients of insulin drugs, the administration of sulfonylureas derivatives to patients with a history of cardiovascular diseases of the atherosclerotic origin, but modern hypoglycemic drugs with proven benefits in reducing cardiovascular risks were rarely prescribed.Conclusion. The tactics of pharmacotherapy in the patients with a decompensated form of DM2 does not fully comply with the approved clinical guidelines, which requires the effectiveness of treatment optimization of this medically and socially significant pathology.

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Symbiosis of cardiology and endocrinology

2020

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In medical practice, there are often patients who have several diseases at once, both pathogenetically related to each other and not related. The article discusses endocrine diseases in which there are manifestations from the cardiovascular system - disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, pathology of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and acromegaly. These diseases reduce the quality of life of patients and increase the risks of cardiovascular complications. The article also discusses the features of cardiovascular manifestations in these diseases and indications for differential diagnosis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus significantly increases the cardiovascular risks, which leads to a more rapid progression of atherosclerosis. Moreover, vascular disorders are detected already at the stage of prediabetes. Therefore, it is necessary to identify disorders of carbohydrate metabolism as early as possible and initiate appropriate therapy. When prescribing antihyperglycemic therapy, preference should be given to drugs with a low risk of hypoglycemia (metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, type 2 sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitors). Thyroid dysfunctions - thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism - also have an adverse effect on the cardiovascular system. Hypothyroidism often has a blurred clinical picture and manifestations from various organs, and therefore it is diagnosed late. Therefore, an active diagnosis of this condition should be carried out in persons with a combination of a wide variety of diseases, especially in old age. Adrenal pathology (pheochromocytoma, hyperaldosteronism and hypercorticism) is manifested by an increase in blood pressure. Differential diagnosis is worthwhile in case of severe arterial hypertension or resistance to antihypertensive therapy. In acromegaly, lesions of the cardiovascular system are quite common and are the main cause of death in these patients. Therefore, early detection of this pathology is especially important. Thus, such patients should be monitored jointly by a cardiologist and an endocrinologist, and timely diagnosis and treatment of endocrine pathology will help reduce their cardiovascular risks.

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The Role of Glycated Hemoglobin in the Diagnosis and Improved Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Individualization of Physical Load for Footbal Players With Diabetes

Individualization of Physical Load for Footbal Players With Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus’s Decompensated Form: on the Problem of Effective Pharmacotherapy in Real Clinical Practice

Symbiosis of cardiology and endocrinology

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