The role of Graves’ disease in the development of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer

Soares, Marta; Borges‐Canha, Marta; Neves, Celestino; Carvalho, Davide

doi:10.1530/etj-23-0055

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Graves–Basedow disease has been associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Some authors report a more aggressive evolution of thyroid cancer in patients with hyperthyroidism [ 31 ]. Autoimmune/Hashimoto thyroiditis is considered to be a risk factor for the development of thyroid lymphomas (reported in 80% of cases) [ 32 ], but it was also diagnosed in 27.6% of cases with PTC [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical–Pathological Features of Thyroid Neoplasms in Young Patients Diagnosed in a Single Center

Jurescu,

Brebu,

Faur

et al. 2024

Life

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Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical–pathological profile in young patients with thyroid cancer. Materials and methods: We realized a retrospective study on patients with thyroid neoplasms who underwent surgery at the “Pius Brinzeu” County Clinical Emergency Hospital in Timisoara, Romania. A comparative analysis of some parameters between two groups, young patients (<45 years) versus patients ≥45 years, was performed. Results: A total of 211 patients met the study inclusion criteria, mostly females (86.26%) with a female/male ratio of 6.81:1. In patients <45 years old (25.64%), papillary thyroid carcinoma was identified in 51.85% of cases; in 53.85% of cases, the tumor was >1 cm; 13.46% had extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.0430); 21.15% capsule invasion (p = 0.1756); 23.08% lympho-vascular invasion (p = 0.0048); and 13.46% of cases locoregional nodal invasion (p = 0.0092). Conclusion: Thyroid cancer in young people was associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and tumor progression parameters, identifying more cases of extrathyroidal extension, locoregional nodal invasion, lympho-vascular invasion and perineural invasion in young patients compared to older ones. For a better understanding of this pathology and to improve diagnosis and therapeutic management, more studies are needed for these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical–Pathological Features of Thyroid Neoplasms in Young Patients Diagnosed in a Single Center

Jurescu,

Brebu,

Faur

et al. 2024

Life

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“…Clinical signs such as neck pain, discomfort, or a lump sensation may indicate an individual needs medical attention. Thyroid nodule expansion or involvement of other structures frequently causes these symptoms ( 23 ). Swallowing difficulties and hoarseness can arise from tumor compression or infiltration of the esophagus or recurrent laryngeal nerve.…”

Section: Overview Of Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swallowing difficulties and hoarseness can arise from tumor compression or infiltration of the esophagus or recurrent laryngeal nerve. Thyroid cancer frequently presents with the enlargement of the neck lymph nodes ( 23 ). Palpable lymph nodes, especially those exhibiting questionable features, require further imaging examinations and biopsies to assess the degree of disease dissemination ( 24 ).…”

Section: Overview Of Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in targeted therapy and biomarker research in thyroid cancer

Guo,

Sun,

Wei

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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Driven by the intricacy of the illness and the need for individualized treatments, targeted therapy and biomarker research in thyroid cancer represent an important frontier in oncology. The variety of genetic changes associated with thyroid cancer demand more investigation to elucidate molecular details. This research is clinically significant since it can be used to develop customized treatment plans. A more focused approach is provided by targeted therapies, which target certain molecular targets such as mutant BRAF or RET proteins. This strategy minimizes collateral harm to healthy tissues and may also reduce adverse effects. Simultaneously, patient categorization based on molecular profiles is made possible by biomarker exploration, which allows for customized therapy regimens and maximizes therapeutic results. The benefits of targeted therapy and biomarker research go beyond their immediate clinical impact to encompass the whole cancer landscape. Comprehending the genetic underpinnings of thyroid cancer facilitates the creation of novel treatments that specifically target aberrant molecules. This advances the treatment of thyroid cancer and advances precision medicine, paving the way for the treatment of other cancers. Taken simply, more study on thyroid cancer is promising for better patient care. The concepts discovered during this investigation have the potential to completely transform the way that care is provided, bringing in a new era of personalized, precision medicine. This paradigm shift could improve the prognosis and quality of life for individuals with thyroid cancer and act as an inspiration for advances in other cancer types.

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Causal associations of Graves’ Disease with hepatobiliary carcinoma in East Asian population: a Mendelian randomization study

Li,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Graves' disease, a thyroid autoimmune disease, has been shown to be associated with a variety of cancers, whereas the association of the disease with hepatobiliary carcinoma (HC) remains unexplored. In this research, we systematically analyze causal links of Graves’ Disease (GD) with HC by means of a Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods In this study, we utilize five methods such as MR-Egger, Inverse variance weighting (IVW), Weighted median, Simple mode and Weighted mode to explore the connection between the exposure factor and the outcome variable. Then we observe the sensitivity, heterogeneity and multiple effects between causes and effects by applying Cochran's Q-test, leave-one-out analysis and MR Egger intercept test. We carried out forward MR analysis which employed GD as the risk factor, and HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) and BTC (biliary tract cancer) as the outcome variables. Then the reverse MR analysis we carried out was the opposite. Results The IVW approach in the forward MR analysis pointed that there has a possible relationship between GD and BTC (IVW: OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.729–0.945, p = 0.005), while the study also pointed that GD may be causally related to HCC (IVW: OR = 0.882, 95% CI: 0.799–0.974, p = 0.013). Subsequent MR Egger regression analyses conducted noted no significant multicollinearity between instrumental variables (IV) (BTC: Egger intercept = 0.041, p = 0.221; HCC: Egger intercept = -0.028, p = 0.793): Egger intercept = -0.028, p = 0.793). Our sensitivity analysis which use leave-one-out analysis pointed that culling any of the 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GD did not obviously reverse the outcomes, indicating that there was no significant heterogeneity in this analysis. Conclusion GD may be a protective factor for HC, and these discovers inspirit us to carry out clinical studies between GD and HC.

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The role of Graves’ disease in the development of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Clinical–Pathological Features of Thyroid Neoplasms in Young Patients Diagnosed in a Single Center

Clinical–Pathological Features of Thyroid Neoplasms in Young Patients Diagnosed in a Single Center

Advances in targeted therapy and biomarker research in thyroid cancer

Causal associations of Graves’ Disease with hepatobiliary carcinoma in East Asian population: a Mendelian randomization study

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