The Role of Grief, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms in the Use of Bereavement Services

Bergman, Elizabeth; Haley, William E.; Small, Brent J.

doi:10.1080/07481181003697746

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For example, anxiety symptoms were associated with low emotional social support in persons who had experienced a stillbirth [which has been noted as a form of bereavement; 46; 47] and in bereaving spouses [48]. In addition, in observations of widows discussing their emotional reactions to the loss of their spouses, those perceived as less well-adjusted evoked greater frustration and less compassion from onlookers, compared to those who were perceived as better adjusted [49].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived emotional social support in bereaved spouses mediates the relationship between anxiety and depression

Jacobson

Lord

Newman

2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Prior research has shown that anxiety symptoms predict later depression symptoms following bereavement. Nevertheless, no research has investigated mechanisms of the temporal relationship between anxiety and later depressive symptoms or examined the impact of depressive symptoms on later anxiety symptoms following bereavement. Methods The current study examined perceived emotional social support as a possible mediator between anxiety and depressive symptoms in a bereaved sample of older adults (N = 250). Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured at Wave 1 (immediately after bereavement), social support was measured at Wave 2 (18 months after bereavement), and anxiety and depressive symptoms were also measured at Wave 3 (48 months after bereavement). Results Using Bayesian structural equation models, when controlling for baseline depression, anxiety symptoms significantly positively predicted depressive symptoms 48 months later, Further, perceived emotional social support significantly mediated the relationship between anxiety symptoms and later depressive symptoms, such that anxiety symptoms significantly negatively predicted later emotional social support, and emotional social support significantly negatively predicted later depressive symptoms. Also, when controlling for baseline anxiety, depressive symptoms positively predicted anxiety symptoms 48 months later. However, low emotional social support failed to mediate this relationship. Conclusions Low perceived emotional social support may be a mechanism by which anxiety symptoms predict depressive symptoms 48 months later for bereaved individuals.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived emotional social support in bereaved spouses mediates the relationship between anxiety and depression

Jacobson

Lord

Newman

2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…There are studies on symptomology, such as in Bergman et al's (2010) examination of psychological distress; those designed to address a type of loss, as shown by Wilkinson et al (2007) who explore child bereavement support services; those in precise settings (Fauri et al, 2000;Roberts & McGilloway, 2008); and others specific to detailed needs in bereavement (Harrison & Harrington 2001, Walsh-Burke 2000. One exception is from Levy and Derby (1992) who compared widowed spouses who join support groups to those who do not.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 93%

Who am I now? Experiences of widowed baby boomers attending grief support groups

Hilliker

2016

Bereavement Care

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This qualitative study used a symbolic interactionist approach to explore experiences of widowed baby boomers in the mid-west United States, who attend/ed grief support groups. Results from 38 personal interviews revealed three themes: (a) the importance of a support group as a safe haven coupled with the value of sharing a similar loss; (b) challenges related to group support; and (c) fractured individual and social selves. The evidence supports the idea that grief groups are effective in aiding the widowed in bereavement but also highlights a need to adjust the structure of group programs (specific to spousal loss). Recommendations are given for providers to consider addressing restoration-oriented stress as the group progresses (in lieu of a sole emphasis on loss-oriented tension). The new structure has the potential to recognise a fractured self in widowhood to meet the needs of, provide hope for, and empower widowed survivors in a 21 st century landscape.

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“…The current study's inability to recruit males is representative of several issues. First, previous research has demonstrated that females are more likely to seek bereavement research and services (Bergman, Haley, & Small, 2010). Furthermore, a disproportionately higher number of creative arts therapists are female.…”

Section: Considerations and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singing an imaginal dialogue: a qualitative examination of a bereavement intervention with creative arts therapists

Iliya

Harris

2015

Nordic Journal of Music Therapy

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The purpose of this qualitative research study was to understand creative arts therapists' experience of singing an imaginal dialogue with a deceased loved one. The sample consisted of nine female creative arts therapists with a minimum of three years of clinical experience. It included women who identified as minorities in the realms of race, culture, ethnicity, and/or sexual orientation. Participation entailed one music therapy session with a music therapist who was not the researcher. After the session, participants completed a questionnaire and were interviewed about their experience by the researcher. The qualitative data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and five themes were identified: (a) elicitation of profound emotional expression; (b) discomfort, nervousness, and anxiety; (c) containment and support; (d) emotional and spiritual connection to the deceased; (e) helpful opportunity for grief resolution. The findings of this study support previous research on grief therapy and verbal imaginal dialogue and contribute to the field of creative arts therapies by deepening our understanding of the applications of singing an imaginal dialogue with a deceased person.

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The Role of Grief, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms in the Use of Bereavement Services

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Perceived emotional social support in bereaved spouses mediates the relationship between anxiety and depression

Perceived emotional social support in bereaved spouses mediates the relationship between anxiety and depression

Who am I now? Experiences of widowed baby boomers attending grief support groups

Singing an imaginal dialogue: a qualitative examination of a bereavement intervention with creative arts therapists

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