“…Several studies have verified the important positive relationship between grit and self-efficacy (e.g., Alhadabi & Karpinski, 2020;Usher et al, 2019), well-being (Arya & Lal, 2018), motivation (e.g., Changlek & Palanukulwong, 2015;Teimouri et al, 2020), and academic involvement (Nelson & Baltes, 2019). Liu (2021) examined the role of grit in learners' foreign language involvement, by inspecting both backgrounds and the effects of grit. He argued that foreign language learners may exploit tasks or mediations with the purpose of enhancing positive behaviors, such as grit and consistency.…”