The Role of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal Inflammation with Respect to Diet and Extrinsic Stressors

Lobionda, Stefani; Sittipo, Panida; Kwon, Hyog Young; Lee, Yun Kyung

doi:10.3390/microorganisms7080271

Cited by 234 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 126 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…The changes in the microbiome have extensive physiological and biological effects on the gut environment as well as on the whole organism [47]. Indeed, there are many various gastrointestinal dysfunction and disorders associated [112][113][114][115][116][117] with old age such as loss of intestinal barrier integrity, reduced gut motility, colitis, ulcers, cancers, and internal haemorrhage [48]. Of particular note for this review is how gut dysbiosis can trigger inflammatory responses in an organism.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The untwining of immunosenescence and aging

Wong

Hwang

et al. 2020

Semin Immunopathol

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From a holistic point of view, aging results from the cumulative erosion of the various systems. Among these, the immune system is interconnected to the rest as immune cells are present in all organs and recirculate through bloodstream. Immunosenescence is the term used to define the remodelling of immune changes during aging. Because immune cells—and particularly lymphocytes—can further differentiate after their maturation in response to pathogen recognition, it is therefore unclear when senescence is induced in these cells. Additionally, it is also unclear which signals triggers senescence in immune cells (i) aging per se, (ii) specific response to pathogens, (iii) underlying conditions, or (iv) inflammaging. In this review, we will cover the current knowledge and concepts linked to immunosenescence and we focus this review on lymphocytes and T cells, which represent the typical model for replicative senescence. With the evidence presented, we propose to disentangle the senescence of immune cells from chronological aging.

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Section: Gastrointestinal Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The untwining of immunosenescence and aging

Wong

Hwang

et al. 2020

Semin Immunopathol

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“…Both the gut microbiota and PCs have been demonstrated to play roles in modulating the intestinal barrier. For instance, changes in intestinal gut microbiota caused by high-fat Western diets cause decreased production of SCFAs, host antimicrobial peptides, mucus production, and tight-junction production, which all lead to the increased intestinal permeability observed in obesity [181,183]. OOPCs contribute to maintaining gut barrier integrity by upregulating the expression of genes involved in maintaining tight junctions between intestinal cells, modulating the oxidative status of the intestinal epithelial layer, as well as the inflammatory and immune response [23,170].…”

Section: Effects Of Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds On Gut Microbiota Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: Implications for Lipid Metabolism, Immune System, and Obesity

et al. 2020

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There is extensive information of the beneficial effects of virgin olive oil (VOO), especially on cardiovascular diseases. Some VOO healthy properties have been attributed to their phenolic-compounds (PCs). The aim of this review is to present updated data on the effects of olive oil (OO) PCs on the gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, immune system, and obesity, as well as on the crosstalk among them. We summarize experiments and clinical trials which assessed the specific effects of the olive oil phenolic-compounds (OOPCs) without the synergy with OO-fats. Several studies have demonstrated that OOPC consumption increases Bacteroidetes and/or reduces the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which have both been related to atheroprotection. OOPCs also increase certain beneficial bacteria and gut-bacteria diversity which can be therapeutic for lipid-immune disorders and obesity. Furthermore, some of the mechanisms implicated in the crosstalk between OOPCs and these disorders include antimicrobial-activity, cholesterol microbial metabolism, and metabolites produced by bacteria. Specifically, OOPCs modulate short-chain fatty-acids produced by gut-microbiota, which can affect cholesterol metabolism and the immune system, and may play a role in weight gain through promoting satiety. Since data in humans are scarce, there is a necessity for more clinical trials designed to assess the specific role of the OOPCs in this crosstalk.

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“…The intestinal epithelial layer forms the major barrier between host and environment. Especially, species belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria are reported to increase epithelial cell death and mucus degradations [119]. Only some specialized bacteria such as; Clostridiaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Helicobacteraceae and Enterococcaceae are capable to adhere to mucus layer suggesting that these bacteria have a pivotal role in maintaining the gut intestinal barrier integrity [120][121][122].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceuticals Induced Structural Changes in Broiler Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota

Tolnai¹,

Fauszt²,

Fidler³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The effects of nutraceuticals on the modulation of the intestinal microbiota are receiving increased attention however there are scarce number of studies investigating their effects in broiler meat production. The aim of this study was to implement feeding strategies and carry out a comprehensive trial on the interplay between carotenoids, anthocyanins, fructo-oligosaccharides, probiotics and gastrointestinal tract microbiota. Our feeding program was applied on an intensive production system with 1080 broiler Ross 308 flock.Results We observed that nutraceuticals and synbiotics did not affect growth performance remarkably nevertheless, positive correlation was found between body weight and the beneficious Bacteroidales, Corynebacteriales and Pseudomonadales. Nutraceuticals were shown to boost broiler intestinal diversity and differentially enriched Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella in core microbiome during the different stages of broiler rearing. Furthermore, diet supplemented with different nutraceuticals was shown to increase the number of unique beneficial bacteria (Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia).Conclusion We concluded that nutraceutical-based feeding strategies can offer a promising, green approach for intensive poultry rearing by improving the health and production of livestock. We believe that the conversion of food industrial waste would result more sustainable bioactive component rich forages which invention could be implemented by other commercial antibiotic-free animal production system providing safe and quality meat.

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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal Inflammation with Respect to Diet and Extrinsic Stressors

Cited by 234 publications

References 126 publications

The untwining of immunosenescence and aging

The untwining of immunosenescence and aging

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: Implications for Lipid Metabolism, Immune System, and Obesity

Nutraceuticals Induced Structural Changes in Broiler Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota

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