The Role of Histone Methylation and Methyltransferases in Gene Regulation

Cui, Julia Yue; Fu, Zidong Donna; Dempsey, Joseph L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812433-8.00002-2

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 342 publications

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“…MECOM is one of the more upregulated genes encoding transcription factors. This transcription factor acts as a histone methyltransferase involved in the regulation of several cellular functions, including cell proliferation [ 37 ], as it is classified as a stem cell transcription factor by regulating a set of cadherins [ 29 ]. Thus, high expression of MECOM is related to an increased risk of early death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Profile of Canine Mammary Ductal Carcinoma

Santos

Fernández

Pardini

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Dogs can be excellent models for spontaneous studies about breast cancers, presenting similarities in clinical behavior and molecular pathways of the disease. Thus, analyses of the canine transcriptome can identify deregulated genes and pathways, contributing to the identification of biomarkers and new therapeutic targets, benefiting humans and animals. In this context, this study aimed to determine the transcriptional profile of canine mammary ductal carcinoma and contribute to the clarification of the importance of deregulated molecules in the molecular pathways involved in the disease. Therefore, we used mammary ductal carcinoma tissue samples and non-tumor mammary tissue from the radical mastectomy of six female dogs. Sequencing was performed on the NextSeq-500 System platform. A comparison of carcinoma tissue and normal tissue revealed 633 downregulated and 573 upregulated genes, which were able to differentiate the groups by principal component analysis. Gene ontology analysis indicated that inflammatory, cell differentiation and adhesion, and extracellular matrix maintenance pathways were mainly deregulated in this series. The main differentially expressed genes observed in this research can indicate greater disease aggressiveness and worse prognosis. Finally, the study of the canine transcriptome indicates that it is an excellent model to generate information relevant to oncology in both species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Profile of Canine Mammary Ductal Carcinoma

Santos

Fernández

Pardini

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…These changes impact nucleosomal characteristics and, henceforth, their interactions with other proteins. Histone methylation entails the addition (through writer enzymes) or elimination (via eraser enzymes) of methyl groups, mostly on the lysine (K) or arginine (R) amino acids of histone; however, it has also been witnessed on glutamine, aspartate, and histidine residues [ 41 ]. Histone methylation does not affect the molecule’s overall charge, in contrast to acetylation and phosphorylation, wherein the methyl donor in histone methylation processes is S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe).…”

Section: Insights Into Histone Demethylasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histone Demethylase Modulation: Epigenetic Strategy to Combat Cancer Progression

Srivastava

Singh²,

Jauhari

et al. 2023

Epigenomes

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Epigenetic modifications are heritable, reversible changes in histones or the DNA that control gene functions, being exogenous to the genomic sequence itself. Human diseases, particularly cancer, are frequently connected to epigenetic dysregulations. One of them is histone methylation, which is a dynamically reversible and synchronously regulated process that orchestrates the three-dimensional epigenome, nuclear processes of transcription, DNA repair, cell cycle, and epigenetic functions, by adding or removing methylation groups to histones. Over the past few years, reversible histone methylation has become recognized as a crucial regulatory mechanism for the epigenome. With the development of numerous medications that target epigenetic regulators, epigenome-targeted therapy has been used in the treatment of malignancies and has shown meaningful therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical trials. The present review focuses on the recent advances in our knowledge on the role of histone demethylases in tumor development and modulation, in emphasizing molecular mechanisms that control cancer cell progression. Finally, we emphasize current developments in the advent of new molecular inhibitors that target histone demethylases to regulate cancer progression.

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“…Thus, histone modification pathways can directly or indirectly affect gene transcription by altering chromatin structure of effector complexes. Most of the genes present in the retina of human & mouse such as Set7/9 encode histone modifying enzymes and elevated expression in the retina of adult mouse depend on positive regulative domain sixteen [48] .Several genes like Ezh1, Ezh2, Prdm8 and Mecom, code histone methyltransferases and also show active expression patterns through progression thereby play a vital role in retinogenesis [49] . DNA methylation is an adding up of a methyl group on location five of cytosine residues on CpG islands within the genes promoter region, related with gene suppression by oppression of the transcriptional machinery.DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes comprise 5 members Dnmt1, Dnmt2, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt3L catalyze the process of DNA methylation.…”

Section: VImentioning

confidence: 99%

Histone Lysine Methylation: A Potential New Treatment Target with Respect to BDNF Gene in Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy

Priyam¹

2019

IJRASET

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Type 2 diabetic retinopathy (T2DR) is a highly developed manifestation of diabetic retinopathy along with a prominent cause of sightlessness on a global scale. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is an associate of neurotrophin family of proteins and enciphered by the BDNF gene is very effectual in shielding retinas from abnormally high blood sugar associated with diabetes in-vitro. Till date, very less number of facts with respect to epigenetic modification is known in T2DR and future aspect associated with epigenetic studies can be explored in this slow progressing disease. Epigenetics have now turned out to be a crucial field of study in bioscience experimentation which regulates gene expression and change their function without any alteration in the DNA sequence in diabetic environment. Histone lysine methylatio take part in alteration of chromatin structure and regulation of gene expression. After going through the available literature, it can be hypothesized that by regulating H3K9 methylation which is a repressive mark, expression level of BDNF can be regulated which in turn can normalize the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and may protect apoptosis of human retinal cells in T2DR promoting their survival. mechanizable approach into histone modification may provide the mode for therapeutic function of drugs in T2DR. The present review is focused on histone methylation (H3K9) with respect to BDNF gene expression related to pathogenesis in T2DR and might be helpful for therapeutic purpose.

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The Role of Histone Methylation and Methyltransferases in Gene Regulation

Cited by 9 publications

References 342 publications

Transcriptomic Profile of Canine Mammary Ductal Carcinoma

Transcriptomic Profile of Canine Mammary Ductal Carcinoma

Histone Demethylase Modulation: Epigenetic Strategy to Combat Cancer Progression

Histone Lysine Methylation: A Potential New Treatment Target with Respect to BDNF Gene in Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy

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