The Role of Host Genetic Polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori Mediated Disease Outcome

Clyne, Marguerite; Rowland, Marion

doi:10.1007/5584_2019_364

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 130 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Genetic variations of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and other cytokines, normally upregulated in H. pylori gastritis with a pro-inflammatory and anti-secretory role, have been associated with a potentially increased risk for peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer development in European populations. Similarly, genetic sequences of immune cells' superficial and intracellular receptors have been incriminated for intense gastric inflammation, dysplasia and oncogenesis; rs11535889 polymorphism of Toll-like receptor-4 and rs718226 polymorphism of nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptors (NOD)-2 have been found in different Chinese sub-populations thus predisposing to gastric cancer, whereas the E266K single nucleotide polymorphism of NOD1 was connected with intense inflammation in Korean patients [81]. Concerning the H. pylori virulence, two strains have been recognized with a geographical distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Active Helicobacter pylori Infection and Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide affecting almost 70 million individuals. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a widespread pathogen with systematic pathogenicity. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the contradictory data regarding a potential association between active H. pylori infection and glaucoma. Materials and Methods: A research in MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted and original studies investigating the relationship between H. pylori infection and glaucoma were included. Analysis was performed with random effects model. The main outcome was the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of H. pylori infection as a risk factor for glaucoma. A parallel analysis studied the role of active infection as indicated by histology and the titer of anti-H. pylori antibodies. For the anti-H. pylori antibody titers, weighted mean differences (WMD) were estimated between patients and controls. Results: Fifteen studies were included, with 2664 participants (872 patients with glaucoma and 1792 controls), divided into primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and pseudo-exfoliation glaucoma (PEG). The association between H. pylori infection and overall glaucoma was significant (OR = 2.08, CI 95% 1.48–2.93) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 61.54%). After stratification by glaucoma subtype, heterogeneity was eliminated in the NTG subgroup. Studies with healthy controls, and controls with anemia yielded very low or no heterogeneity, respectively. Gastric biopsy to document active H. pylori infection yielded the highest OR (5.4, CI: 3.17–9.2, p < 0.001) and null heterogeneity. For anti-H. pylori antibody titers, there was a significant difference in WMD between patients and controls (WMD 15.98 IU/mL; 95% CI: 4.09–27.87; p = 0.008); values were greater in glaucoma patients, with high heterogeneity (I2: 93.8%). Meta-regression analysis showed that mean age had a significant impact on glaucoma (p = 0.037). Conclusions: Active H. pylori infection may be associated with glaucoma with null heterogeneity, as, beyond histology, quantified by anti-H. pylori titers and increases with age.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Active Helicobacter pylori Infection and Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A few studies to date have shown that eradication rates may be higher in slower CYP metabolizers [ 99 , 155 , 156 ], although this association has not always been statistically significant. Polymorphisms in immune response genes can similarly impact disease severity and predispose to complications [ 157 , 158 , 159 ]. VPZ was only recently introduced in east Asia, and several meta-analyses show the superior efficacy of VPZ relative to standard PPI-containing triple therapy [ 154 , 160 , 161 , 162 ].…”

Section: Recent Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Shatila

Thomas

2022

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a prevalent organism infecting almost half the global population. It is a significant concern, given its associated risk of gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer death globally. Infection can be asymptomatic or present with dyspeptic symptoms. It may also present with alarm symptoms in the case of progression to cancer. Diagnosis can be achieved non-invasively (breath tests, stool studies, or serology) or invasively (rapid urease test, biopsy, or culture). Treatment involves acid suppression and regimens containing several antibiotics and is guided by resistance rates. Eradication is essential, as it lowers the risk of complications and progression to cancer. Follow-up after eradication is similarly important, as the risk of cancer progression remains. There have been many recent advances in both diagnosis and treatment of Hp. In particular, biosensors may be effective diagnostic tools, and nanotechnology, vaccines, and potassium-competitive acid blockers may prove effective in enhancing eradication rates.

show abstract

“…pylori manifests high genetic diversity and variable virulence. Factors contributing to its carcinogenic potential include cytotoxin-associated gene A oncoprotein, the toxic form of vacuolating cytotoxin and host genetic polymorphisms that alter cytokine expression (22,23). Other factors include age of initial infection, diet, medications, alcohol consumption, smoking, and the gut microbiota (11).…”

Section: Helicobacter Pylori Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary medicine perspectives: H. pylori, lactose intolerance, and three hypotheses for functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders

Leontiadis

Longstreth

2022

Am J Gastroenterol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many clinicians have suboptimal knowledge of evolutionary medicine. This discipline integrates social and basic sciences, epidemiology, and clinical medicine, providing explanations, especially ultimate causes, for many conditions. Principles include genetic variation from population bottleneck and founder effects, evolutionary trade-offs, and coevolution. For example, host-microbe coevolution contributes to the inflammatory and carcinogenic variability of Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotic-resistant strains are evolving, but future therapy could target promutagenic proteins. Ancient humans practicing dairying achieved survival and reproduction advantages of postweaning lactase persistence and passed this trait to modern descendants, delegitimizing lactose intolerance as "disease" in people with lactase nonpersistence. Three evolutionary hypotheses are each relevant to multiple diseases: (i) the polyvagal hypothesis posits that prehistoric adaptation of autonomic nervous system reactions to stress is beneficial acutely but, when continued chronically, predisposes individuals to painful functional gastrointestinal disorders, in whom it may be a biomarker; (ii) the thrifty gene hypothesis proposes genetic adaptation to feast-famine cycles among Pleistocene migrants to America, which is mismatched with Indigenous Americans' current diet and physical activity, predisposing them to obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gallstones and their complications; and (iii) the hygiene hypothesis proposes alteration of the gut microbiome, with which humans have coevolved, in allergic and autoimmune disease pathogenesis; for example, association of microbiome-altering proton pump inhibitor use with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis, earlylife gastrointestinal infection with celiac disease, and infant antibiotic use and an economically advanced environment with inflammatory bowel disease. Evolutionary perspectives broaden physicians' understanding of disease processes, improve care, and stimulate research.

show abstract

The Role of Host Genetic Polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori Mediated Disease Outcome

Cited by 9 publications

References 130 publications

Association between Active Helicobacter pylori Infection and Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Association between Active Helicobacter pylori Infection and Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Evolutionary medicine perspectives: H. pylori, lactose intolerance, and three hypotheses for functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About