Abstract:Deep decarbonization of the electricity sector can be provided by a high penetration of renewable sources such as wind, solar PV and hydro power. Flexibility from hydro and storage complements the high temporal variability of wind and solar, and transmission infrastructure helps the power balancing by moving electricity in the spatial dimension. We study cost-optimal highly-renewable Chinese power systems under ambitious CO 2 emission reduction targets, by deploying a 31-node hourly-resolved technoeconomic opt… Show more
“…First, we derive water inflow time series for each station using an approach based on ERA5 runoff data 54 and hydrological basins 55 described and validated for China in. 56 We use Atlite 57 to first determine all basins upstream of the hydropower station to be able to sum all upstream runoff while assuming a water flow speed of 1 m/s.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, we derive water inflow time series for each station using an approach based on ERA5 runoff data 54 and hydrological basins 55 described and validated for China in. 56 We use Atlite 57 to first determine all basins upstream of the Second, we apply bias correction factors based on annual generation necessary for this method to represent the actual magnitude of the inflow and thus accurately model power generation. As we do not have data per station, we use national generation data from IRENA.…”
Section: Hydro Run Of River and Reservoirsmentioning
The European potential for renewable electricity is sufficient to enable fully renewable supply on different scales, from self-sufficient, subnational regions to an interconnected continent. We not only show that a continental-scale system is the cheapest, but also that systems on the national scale and below are possible at cost penalties of 20% or less. Transmission is key to low cost, but it is not necessary to vastly expand the transmission system. When electricity is transmitted only to balance fluctuations, the transmission grid size is comparable to today's, albeit with expanded crossborder capacities. The largest differences across scales concern land use and thus social acceptance: in the continental system, generation capacity is concentrated on the European periphery, where the best resources are. Regional systems, in contrast, have more dispersed generation. The key trade-off is therefore not between geographic scale and cost, but between scale and the spatial distribution of required generation and transmission infrastructure.
“…First, we derive water inflow time series for each station using an approach based on ERA5 runoff data 54 and hydrological basins 55 described and validated for China in. 56 We use Atlite 57 to first determine all basins upstream of the hydropower station to be able to sum all upstream runoff while assuming a water flow speed of 1 m/s.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, we derive water inflow time series for each station using an approach based on ERA5 runoff data 54 and hydrological basins 55 described and validated for China in. 56 We use Atlite 57 to first determine all basins upstream of the Second, we apply bias correction factors based on annual generation necessary for this method to represent the actual magnitude of the inflow and thus accurately model power generation. As we do not have data per station, we use national generation data from IRENA.…”
Section: Hydro Run Of River and Reservoirsmentioning
The European potential for renewable electricity is sufficient to enable fully renewable supply on different scales, from self-sufficient, subnational regions to an interconnected continent. We not only show that a continental-scale system is the cheapest, but also that systems on the national scale and below are possible at cost penalties of 20% or less. Transmission is key to low cost, but it is not necessary to vastly expand the transmission system. When electricity is transmitted only to balance fluctuations, the transmission grid size is comparable to today's, albeit with expanded crossborder capacities. The largest differences across scales concern land use and thus social acceptance: in the continental system, generation capacity is concentrated on the European periphery, where the best resources are. Regional systems, in contrast, have more dispersed generation. The key trade-off is therefore not between geographic scale and cost, but between scale and the spatial distribution of required generation and transmission infrastructure.
“…7. Detailed description and results are referred to the article [9].Fig. 7Visualization of reservoir inflow, state-of-charge, spillage, and power generation with weather year 2016 at Three Gorges (Sanxia) , of which 38 km downstream lies another hydro station Gezhouba .…”
Section: An Applicationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In countries such as Norway, Iceland, Switzerland, Brazil, Canada and China, hydro power supplies the largest share among renewables or even all energy sources [6]. Furthermore, in the decarbonization of the energy sectors, a high penetration of variable renewable power is expected [7], [8], [9], [10]. In these systems, the storage-like flexibility of hydro power can be pivotal.…”
“…The technology of PSPS in China is relatively mature. The participation of PSPSs in dispatching can improve the flexibility of the power system and effectively solve the problem of power grid balancing [5].…”
Large-scale grid integration of renewable energy increases the uncertainty and volatility of power systems, which brings difficulties to output planning and reserve decision-making of power system units. In this paper, we innovatively combined the non-parametric kernel density estimation method and scenario method to describe the uncertainty of renewable energy outputs, and obtained a representative set of renewable energy output scenarios. In addition, we proposed a new method to determine the reserve capacity demand. Further, we derived the quantitative relationship between the reserve demand and the power system reliability index, which was used as the constraint condition of a day-ahead power generation dispatch. Finally, a coordinated dispatching model of power generation and reserve was established, which had the lowest penalty for curtailment of wind power and photovoltaic, as well as the lowest total operating cost for thermal power units, gas power units, and pumped storage power station. By simulating three different working conditions, the proposed model was compared with the traditional deterministic model. Results showed that our proposed method significantly improved system efficiency while maintaining system reliability.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
