The role of hydrogen in low carbon energy futures–A review of existing perspectives

Hanley, Emma Sarah; Deane, Paul; Gallachóir, BP Ó

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.034

Cited by 533 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this scenario, the development of sustainable H 2 production technologies plays a significant role [1][2][3], with a special interest in the routes from lignocellulosic biomass [4,5] due to its high availability and whose valorisation does not interfere in the feeding chain. Among these routes from biomass, great attention is paid to the H 2 production by steam reforming (SR) of bio-oil, the liquid product from the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Steam Reforming of Raw Bio-Oil over Supported and Bulk Ni Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

et al. 2018

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Several Ni catalysts of supported (on La 2 O 3 -αAl 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , and CeO 2 -ZrO 2 ) or bulk types (Ni-La perovskites and NiAl 2 O 4 spinel) have been tested in the oxidative steam reforming (OSR) of raw bio-oil, and special attention has been paid to the catalysts' regenerability by means of studies on reaction-regeneration cycles. The experimental set-up consists of two units in series, for the separation of pyrolytic lignin in the first step (at 500 • C) and the on line OSR of the remaining oxygenates in a fluidized bed reactor at 700 • C. The spent catalysts have been characterized by N 2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction and temperature programmed reduction, and temperature programmed oxidation (TPO). The results reveal that among the supported catalysts, the best balance between activity-H 2 selectivity-stability corresponds to Ni/La 2 O 3 -αAl 2 O 3 , due to its smaller Ni 0 particle size. Additionally, it is more selective to H 2 than perovskite catalysts and more stable than both perovskites and the spinel catalyst. However, the activity of the bulk NiAl 2 O 4 spinel catalyst can be completely recovered after regeneration by coke combustion at 850 • C because the spinel structure is completely recovered, which facilitates the dispersion of Ni in the reduction step prior to reaction. Consequently, this catalyst is suitable for the OSR at a higher scale in reaction-regeneration cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SR of bio-oil is a highly endothermic reaction [6,8,14] that follows the general stoichiometry of oxygenates reforming, Equation (1), and considering the water gas shift reaction, Equation (2), the complete stoichiometry of this overall reaction is given by Equation (3). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Steam Reforming of Raw Bio-Oil over Supported and Bulk Ni Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

et al. 2018

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“…Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) corresponds to the generation of hydrogen gas from water electrolysis. This reaction has been widely studied because of its potential use as fuel in the production of clean and sustainable energy [1,2]. Electrodes manufactured with carbonaceous materials [3,4] have been designed to electrocatalyze this reaction, for instance in the case of carbon paste electrodes [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Using Ionic Liquid/Cobalt Porphyrin Systems as Electro and Photoelectrocatalysts

et al. 2020

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In this work, the design and manufacture of graphite paste (Gr) electrodes is carried out, including N-octylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (OPyPF 6 ) ionic liquid (IL) as binder and modification with Co-octaethylporphyrin (Co), in order to study the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the absence and presence of light. The system is characterized by XRD and FESEM-EDX (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy), confirming the presence of all the components of the system in the electrode surface. The studies carried out in this investigation confirm that a photoelectrocatalytic system towards HER is obtained. The system is stable, efficient and easy to prepare. Through cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, was determined that these electrodes improve their electrochemical and electrical properties upon the addition of OPyPF 6 . These effects improve even more when the systems are modified with Co porphyrin. It is also observed that when the systems are irradiated at 395 nm, the redox process is favored in energy terms, as well as in its electrical properties. Through gas chromatography, it was determined that the graphite paste electrode in the presence of ionic liquid and porphyrin (Gr/IL/Co) presents a high turnover number (TON) value (6342 and 6827 in presence of light) in comparison to similar systems reported.

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“…Nevertheless, the bottlenecks such as how to get hydrogen from the renewable resources and store them in the cost‐effective manners still need to be overcome before the hydrogen energy system could actually replace the current existing energy system . Among those above‐mentioned technical hurdles, hydrogen generation is the one that has been put great efforts during the last several decades . Apart from the direct water splitting via the semi‐conductive photocatalyst that has attracted many interests in the past, the bio‐hydrogen process still remains competitive because of its many appealing advantages, ie, cost‐effectiveness, simplicity in operations, independence of solar radiation, and highly efficient utilization of renewable lignocellulose .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Among those above-mentioned technical hurdles, hydrogen generation is the one that has been put great efforts during the last several decades. 5 Apart from the direct water splitting via the semi-conductive photocatalyst that has attracted many interests in the past, 6 the bio-hydrogen process still remains competitive because of its many appealing advantages, ie, cost-effectiveness, simplicity in operations, independence of solar radiation, and highly efficient utilization of renewable lignocellulose. [7][8][9][10] Although efforts of investigating dark hydrogen fermentation have been made for a few decades, there are still quite many spaces left for the optimization of the entire process in the aspect of maximizing the hydrogen yield, minimizing the secondary metabolites inhabitations, and maintaining the stability of the microbes during fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and kinetic modeling of an enhanced bio-hydrogen fermentation with the addition of synergistic biochar and nickel nanoparticle

et al. 2018

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Summary The improvement of hydrogen production was achieved by the addition of biochar (BC) and metal co‐factor nanoparticle Ni0 during the dark fermentation. A new hybrid approach by combing the artificial neural networks with the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the hydrogen production. The effects of operating conditions, ie, BC, metal cofactor Ni0, pH, and dosage of microbes, upon the hydrogen production together with the concentrations of other metabolites such as the acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and ethanol were extensively investigated. From kinetic study of the major metabolites, the acetate pathway was found to be apparently enhanced by the addition of synergistic factors. The modified anaerobic digestion model with the consideration of inhabitation factor was found to best represent the kinetics of hydrogen production and the formation of major metabolites.

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The role of hydrogen in low carbon energy futures–A review of existing perspectives

Cited by 533 publications

References 28 publications

Oxidative Steam Reforming of Raw Bio-Oil over Supported and Bulk Ni Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

Oxidative Steam Reforming of Raw Bio-Oil over Supported and Bulk Ni Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

Study of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Using Ionic Liquid/Cobalt Porphyrin Systems as Electro and Photoelectrocatalysts

Optimization and kinetic modeling of an enhanced bio-hydrogen fermentation with the addition of synergistic biochar and nickel nanoparticle

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