The Role of Imprinted Genes in Fetal Growth

Miozzo, Monica; Simoni, Giuseppe

doi:10.1159/000056752

Cited by 102 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…IUGR is the most common feature, a phenotype shared among matUPD7, matUPD14, patUPD6q24 and matUPD20. The fetal growth disturbance in UPD carriers is consistent with the action of imprinted genes during fetal growth, as recently reviewed [7]. In murine models, most of the 60 recognized imprinted genes are expressed during fetal life and, in particular, in the placenta, in which they may regulate fetal demand and maternal supply of nutrients.…”

Section: Genomic Imprinting Defects and Iugrmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fetal growth restriction: a workshop report

et al. 2004

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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with significantly increased perinatal morbidity and mortality as well as cardiovascular disease and glucose intolerance in adult life. A number of disorders from genetic to metabolic, vascular, coagulative, autoimmune, as well as infectious, can influence fetal growth by damaging the placenta, leading to IUGR as a result of many possible fetal, placental and maternal disorders. Strict definitions of IUGR and of its severity are needed in order to eventually distinguish among different phenotypes, such as gestational age at onset, degree of growth restriction and presence of hypoxia.This report explores and reviews some of the most recent developments in both clinical and basic research on intrauterine growth restriction, by seeking mechanisms that involve genetic factors, utero-placental nutrient availability and vascular growth factors.New exciting findings on the genomic imprinting defects potentially associated with IUGR, and the placental anomalies associated with the decreased nutrient transport are summarized. Moreover, recent data on angiogenic growth factors as well as new information arising from application of gene chip technologies are discussed.

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Section: Genomic Imprinting Defects and Iugrmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fetal growth restriction: a workshop report

et al. 2004

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“…Although the influence of paternal genes on normal development and function of the placenta in humans and mice is known (Jinno et al, 1995;Miozzo and Simoni, 2002;Isles and Holland, 2005;Wagschal and Feil, 2006), the association between paternal characteristics and placenta previa or placental abruption has received little attention. A retrospective cohort study analyzed the connection between these pregnancy complications and missing paternal demographic data (age and ethnicity either alone or combined) in birth certificates of 26 336 549 births using US linked birth/infant death data from 1995 through 2001 (Getahun et al, 2006).…”

Section: Placenta Previa and Placental Abruption During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal age and reproduction

Sartorius

Nieschlag

2009

Human Reproduction Update

291

212

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background: Due to various sociological factors, couples in developed countries are increasingly delaying childbearing. Besides ethical, economical and sociological issues, this trend presents us with several complex problems in reproduction. Although it is well-known that maternal age has a negative effect on fertility and increases the risk of adverse outcome during pregnancy and in offspring, the paternal influence on these outcomes is less well researched and not well-known.methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed, and retrieved original articles and review articles to update our previous survey in this journal.results: This review highlights the link between male age and genetic abnormalities in the germ line and summarizes the knowledge about the effects of paternal age on reproductive function and outcome. Increasing paternal age can be associated with decreasing androgen levels, decreased sexual activity, alterations of testicular morphology and a deterioration of semen quality (volume, motility, morphology). Increased paternal age has an influence on DNA integrity of sperm, increases telomere length in spermatozoa and is suggested to have epigenetic effects. These changes may, at least in part, be responsible for the association of paternal age over 40 years with reduced fertility, an increase in pregnancy-associated complications and adverse outcome in the offspring. conclusion: Although higher maternal age can be an indication for intensive prenatal diagnosis, including invasive diagnostics, consideration of the available evidence suggests that paternal age itself, however, provides no rationale for invasive procedures.

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“…Imprinted genes may account for only a fraction of the genome (e.g. , 0.3% (Miozzo and Simoni, 2002)), but these affect early development strongly and may have a major impact on fertility (Fowden et al, 2006). , Gebert et al (2006 compared bovine oocyte to sperm DNA and reported on a differentially methylated region in the imprinted insulin-like growth factor 2 gene and this allows further work on gene-specific methylation patterns during pre-implantation development.…”

Section: Developing New Genomic Research Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiles of genes regulating dairy cow fertility: recent findings, ongoing activities and future possibilities

Beerda

Wyszyńska-Koko

Pas

et al. 2008

Animal

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Subfertility has negative effects for dairy farm profitability, animal welfare and sustainability of animal production. Increasing herd sizes and economic pressures restrict the amount of time that farmers can spend on counteractive management. Genetic improvement will become increasingly important to restore reproductive performance. Complementary to traditional breeding value estimation procedures, genomic selection based on genome-wide information will become more widely applied. Functional genomics, including transcriptomics (gene expression profiling), produces the information to understand the consequences of selection as it helps to unravel physiological mechanisms underlying female fertility traits. Insight into the latter is needed to develop new effective management strategies to combat subfertility. Here, the importance of functional genomics for dairy cow reproduction so far and in the near future is evaluated. Recent gene profiling studies in the field of dairy cow fertility are reviewed and new data are presented on genes that are expressed in the brains of dairy cows and that are involved in dairy cow oestrus (behaviour). Fast-developing new research areas in the field of functional genomics, such as epigenetics, RNA interference, variable copy numbers and nutrigenomics, are discussed including their promising future value for dairy cow fertility.

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The Role of Imprinted Genes in Fetal Growth

Cited by 102 publications

References 74 publications

Fetal growth restriction: a workshop report

Fetal growth restriction: a workshop report

Paternal age and reproduction

Expression profiles of genes regulating dairy cow fertility: recent findings, ongoing activities and future possibilities

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