The role of intelligence on performance on the Inventory of Legal Knowledge (ILK)

Gottfried, Emily D.; Carbonell, Joyce L.

doi:10.1080/14789949.2014.920900

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, questions have been raised regarding the measure’s limited normative data (Acklin, 2012) and the effectiveness of its cut scores (Rubenzer, 2011). In addition, recent questions have been posed as to whether diminished verbal abilities may affect correct responding to individual ILK items in a clinical population (Gottfried & Carbonell, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feigned Adjudicative Incompetence

2016

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Psychological assessments are highly dependent on the forthrightness and sincere efforts of examinees. In particular, evaluations in forensic settings must consider whether feigning or other response styles are utilized to intentionally distort the clinical presentation. The current study examines the effectiveness of the Inventory of Legal Knowledge (ILK) at detecting feigned incompetency within a sample of jail detainees. As an ancillary goal, several scales of the Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities were included in the same within-subjects simulation design. Results of the total ILK score raised concerns regarding the mischaracterization of genuine offenders as "suggestive of feigning." Pending cross-validation, however, a Revised ILK proved highly effective, using a floor effect detection strategy. Although intended for Miranda-specific abilities, several detection strategies on the Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities appeared to be very promising within a broadened context of feigned incompetency.

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confidence: 99%

Feigned Adjudicative Incompetence

2016

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“…As an additional issue, the Inventory of Legal Knowledge (ILK; Otto, Musick, & Sherrod, 2010) is designed to assess feigned deficits in legal knowledge as it is applied “throughout the criminal process” (p. 1), which logically encompasses the validity of Miranda waivers. However, questions have been raised regarding the effectiveness of its cut score (Acklin, 2012) and its applicability to persons of limited intellectual abilities (Gottfried & Carbonell, 2014). Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of its cut scores in a sample of jail detainees.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dodging Self-Incriminations: An Examination of Feigned Miranda Abilities on the SAMA

et al. 2016

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Forensic assessments must always consider whether examinees are putting forth genuine effort or seeking to feign legally relevant incapacities. Miranda abilities are no exception when a putatively invalid Miranda waiver might result in the full suppression of an outright confession. Using a within-subjects simulation design, jail detainees were administered a representative Miranda warning and two Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities (SAMA) measures: Miranda Vocabulary Scale and Miranda Quiz. As expected, detainees have no difficulty in feigning severe deficits in their recall of the Miranda warning and portraying markedly impaired abilities on both SAMA measures. However, using floor-effect detection strategies, several feigning indicators proved effective at identifying likely feigned Miranda abilities. As an ancillary issue, the Inventory of Legal Knowledge was found to be very effective using both the traditional and revised scoring.

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“…Finally, the use of the ILK with individuals with intellectual disability is cautioned. Previous research utilizing the present sample indicated that there is a moderate relationship between IQ score and ILK performance (Gottfried & Carbonell, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…On completion of these measures, the primary investigator introduced herself as a graduate student and asked if the hospital resident would be willing to sign a consent form to have his or her deidentified responses used and complete two additional measures (a second administration of the ILK and the Shipley-2 Vocabulary subtest) for a study examining the relationship between mental illness and legal knowledge. A subset of the data has been previously published in a study examining the relationship between intelligence and performance on the ILK (Gottfried & Carbonell, 2014). The current study was only concerned with the performance on the first administration of the ILK and thus, the results of the second ILK administration or the Shipley-2 are not presented in this article.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Detection of Feigned Knowledge Deficits in Defendants Adjudicated Incompetent to Stand Trial

Gottfried

Hudson²,

Vitacco

et al. 2016

Assessment

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Malingering is relatively common in criminal forensic evaluations as base rates of malingering have ranged from 20% to 30%. Given that the most prevalent criminal forensic evaluation is the assessment of competency to stand trial, the assessment of feigning during competency evaluations is necessary for accurate findings. Most of the response style literature focuses on feigning mental health symptoms, but in competency evaluations, individuals may attempt to feign legal knowledge deficits in order to be found incompetent to stand trial. The current investigation includes two studies: 195 students instructed to simulate feigned mental illness or incompetence to stand trial and one using a sample of 130 state psychiatric hospital residents who had been adjudicated incompetent to stand trial. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the Inventory of Legal Knowledge's (ILK; Musick & Otto, 2010) ability to detect individuals who are feigning legal knowledge deficits. Classification utility statistics, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive power, and negative predictive power are provided for each cut-score on the ILK beginning with a cut-score of 24 (which is the lower end of the range of chance) are provided. The current cut-score of 47 provided in the professional manual of the ILK was shown to create a large number of false positives and suggests that modifications to this cut-score are required.

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The role of intelligence on performance on the Inventory of Legal Knowledge (ILK)

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Feigned Adjudicative Incompetence

Feigned Adjudicative Incompetence

Dodging Self-Incriminations: An Examination of Feigned Miranda Abilities on the SAMA

Improving the Detection of Feigned Knowledge Deficits in Defendants Adjudicated Incompetent to Stand Trial

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