The Role of Interventional Radiology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations

Abstract

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are uncommon, predominantly congenital direct fistulous connections between the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins, resulting in a right to left shunt. Patients with PAVMs are usually asymptomatic with lesions detected incidentally when radiological imaging is performed for other indications. In this review, we discuss the classification and radiological features of PAVMs as well as their treatment and follow-up options, with a particular focus on percutaneous endovascular techniques and the evolution of the available equipment for treatment.

A massive pulmonary arteriovenous fistula complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease treated by interventional therapy: a case report

“…The complex type refers that the lesion is not limited to one artery and one vein, and the cystic tumor is usually separated. The diffuse type refers to the presence of extensive small pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas without cystic tumor formation [ 4 , 5 ]. The severity of PAVF is directly related to fistula size.…”