The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis and Promising Preventive Measures (Review)

Afineevskaya, Anna Yu.; Мальков, О А; Говорухина, А А

doi:10.37482/2542-1298-z009

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Микробиом отражает коллективный геном микробиоты, тогда как микробиота является микробиоценозом внутри определенной среды отдельных органов и систем. Из всех клеток в составе человеческого организма до 90% принадлежит бактериям, населяющим различные биотопы человека (данные Национального института здоровья США, National Institutes of Health, NIH) [2]. Взаимодействие человеческого макроорганизма с микробиотой кишечника (МК), в зависимости от таксономического состава микроорганизмов и метаболитов в процессе их жизнедеятельности, является индикатором здоровья либо детерминантой различных заболеваний [3].…”

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The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2021

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At the beginning of the XXI century, with the advent of technical capabilities and new methods of genes sequencing, the attention of researchers to the study of the human metagenome has significantly increased. The interaction between changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gut microbiota (GM) and various diseases is being actively studied, a search for specific metabolites and genes of microorganisms that may be associated with the development, in particular, of immune-mediated diseases is underway. In recent years, a lot of new data have been published on the possible contribution of gut flora dysbiosis to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), while the first assumptions were put forward as far back as 1970s. The search for pathogenetic mechanisms of GM influence on the development and progression of T1DM is becoming an increasingly relevant objective, since in recent years the incidence of T1DM is rapidly increasing, which is a serious health problem throughout the world.This review discusses the current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, new data on the near-term prospects in the study of the human macrogenome, current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, and the possibility of applying this knowledge by the practitioner.

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The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2021

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Atherosclerosis and trimethylamine-N-oxide — the gut microbiota potential

Григорьева

2022

Russ J Cardiol

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Gut dysbiosis contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Firmicutes contain a trimethylamine-producing gene cluster. The aim was to analyze potential role of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), gut microbiota metabolite, in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and novel therapeutic approaches to reduce TMAO. Some researchers consider TMAO not a mediator but a marker of cardiovascular disease because they have not confirmed associations between elevated TMAO levels, dyslipidemia, C-reactive protein, endotoxin, and cardiovascular mortality. But most studies recognize TMAO as an independent risk factor for serious cardiovascular events. TMAO inhibits reverse cholesterol transport, enhances foam cell formation and platelet hyperreactivity. The adverse effects of TMAO were positively correlated with gut enterotype III. Therapeutic effects on TMAO in atherosclerosis (probiotics, polyphenols, including resveratrol, berberine, trimethylamine lyase inhibitors, phospholipase D inhibitors, reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, enriching potentially beneficial genera Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Roseburia) are attractive for a preventive strategy.

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The relationship between metabolic syndrome and intestinal microbiota: a review of the literature

Baranova,

Glushko,

Vasilyeva

et al. 2024

Medicinskij sovet

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Metabolic syndrome is a pathological condition that includes obesity, elevated blood glucose levels, hypertension and dyslipidemia. This comorbid condition is a global problem of our time. According to the INTERHEART study, metabolic syndrome occurs in more than 26% of the world’s population. In the Russian Federation, 40% of residents have 2 components of the metabolic syndrome, 11% have 3 or more of its components. In addition to well-known risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome, such as genetic predisposition, overeating, physical inactivity, hormonal disorders and others, in recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the study of the intestinal microbiota and its effect on the metabolic syndrome. For example, a comparison of the intestinal microbiota of people with normal BMI and obesity showed different species of microorganisms inhabiting our gastrointestinal tract. Analyzing patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus we can note a decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia) that modify insulin sensitivity to body tissues. Some species of Lactobacillus are able to normalize lipid metabolism, reduce the number of adipocytes, reduce the absorption of cholesterol by converting it into insoluble coprostanol. In patients with arterial hypertension there is dysbacteriosis of I and II degree, in arterial hypertension with metabolic syndrome – absence of dysbacteriosis of I degree and presence of dysbacteriosis of II and III degrees, with prevalence of opportunistic forms. Understanding the role of intestinal microbiota becomes a key element not only in diagnosis, but also in the development of effective treatment methods and their application in complex treatment of metabolic syndrome.

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The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis and Promising Preventive Measures (Review)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus

The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus

Atherosclerosis and trimethylamine-N-oxide — the gut microbiota potential

The relationship between metabolic syndrome and intestinal microbiota: a review of the literature

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