The Role of Labor in Post-Socialist Hungary

Bandzak, Ruth A.

doi:10.1080/00213624.1994.11505565

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…In today's globalizing context, families in these countries often experience conflicts between more traditional cultural norms, vestiges of behavioral patterns from the Communist era, and new customs brought about by the opening of their countries to the flows of people, information, and pop culture, as well as new products, companies and business practices. The flow of Western products has resulted in increased materialistic pressures (Belk and Ger, 1996), which coupled with declining real wages, has contributed to increasing polarization of income and the growing rates of poverty (Bandzak, 1994). This has resulted in increased frustration, as people often resort to holding multiple jobs, working longer hours, and/or taking positions that are taxing or dangerous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of work‐family conflict, family‐work conflict and the contingent effect of self‐efficacy of retail salespeople in a transitional economy

Chelariu

Stump²

2011

European Journal of Marketing

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PurposeThe present study aims to contribute to the growing cross‐national body of literature on work‐family conflict (WFC) and family‐work conflict (FWC) issues by examining the interrelationship of these constructs with other variables in the context of a transitional economy.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using self‐report questionnaires distributed to retail salespeople in Hungary. Hypothesis tests were conducted using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results revealed that WFC is strongly related to job stress, while FWC is not, and that job stress fully mediates the effect of WFC on turnover intentions. It was also found that self‐efficacy, as a moderator, heightened the positive effect of WFC on job stress, but attenuated the effect of FWC.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research could examine both the deleterious and beneficial effects of role identity spillover and include additional psychological work outcomes beyond turnover intentions. Assessing the impact of collective efficacy in addition to individual self‐efficacy is also warranted in future studies conducted in transitional economies, especially those with collectivistic cultures.Social implicationsThe authors' evidence that WFC is more strongly related to job stress than FWC underscores the need for retailers to implement progressive policies to create supportive work environments, which can reduce WFC and FWC. The finding of the contingent effect of self‐efficacy also has important implications for recruiting and training practices of retailers operating in transitional economies.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to compile the multiple theoretical rationales for the moderating effect of self‐efficacy and empirical evidence that it operates in opposite ways relative to WFC and FWC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of work‐family conflict, family‐work conflict and the contingent effect of self‐efficacy of retail salespeople in a transitional economy

Chelariu

Stump²

2011

European Journal of Marketing

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Historical reconstruction of the invasions of four non-native tree species at local scale: a detective work on Ailanthus altissima, Celtis occidentalis, Prunus serotina and Acer negundo

Erdélyi,

Hartdégen,

Malatinszky

et al. 2023

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Reconstructing the history (spatio-temporal patterns) of biological invasions at a small spatial scale is challenging, notably because the required data are often not available in sufficient quantity and quality. In this study, we present a mixed approach using six different data sources to explore the spreading history of four non-native invasive tree species, Ailanthus altissima, Celtis occidentalis, Prunus serotina and Acer negundo in a high conservation value foreststeppe habitat with an area of 1000 ha (Peszér Forest, Central Hungary). We carried out a literature search, compiled all the archived and currently valid data of the National Forestry Database (NFD) in a GIS database, conducted a full-coverage field survey, mapped all the large/old tree specimens and carried out annual ring counts, performed a hotspot analysis on the abundance data provided by the field survey and gathered local knowledge. Each of these approaches proved indispensable and their complementary use made it possible to reconstruct the invasion history of all four tree species. According to the available source literature, P. serotina was first planted in the area in 1937 and the first known occurrence of A. altissima could also be traced back to the 1930s. The examination of large specimens of C. occidentalis and querying the NFD for data related to A. negundo provided evidence that these species have been present in the area since at least the 1940s. However, based on the NFD and local knowledge, it is certain that the rapid expansion of the four tree species occurred simultaneously and only around the turn of the millennium, with a lag of at least 60-70 years. The exploration of local knowledge revealed three possible explanations, which interestingly also coincided in time. With the change in the political regime, the intensity of forest use started to decrease in the 1990s, the population of game was drastically reduced at the end of the decade and droughts became more frequent from 2000 onwards. The field survey clearly showed that these tree species were 2-3 times more prevalent and abundant than the relevant NFD data indicated. Finally, the primary hotspots of A. altissima and A. negundo overlapped with the locations of their first known occurrences, while in the case of C. occidentalis and P. serotina, they did not. However, local knowledge revealed that the former two had been ignored since at least the 1950s, while the latter two were occasionally planted until the 1990s. It is likely that the primary hotspots of C. occidentalis and P. serotina indicate the locations of these undocumented plantations.

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The Role of Labor in Post-Socialist Hungary

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

A study of work‐family conflict, family‐work conflict and the contingent effect of self‐efficacy of retail salespeople in a transitional economy

A study of work‐family conflict, family‐work conflict and the contingent effect of self‐efficacy of retail salespeople in a transitional economy

Historical reconstruction of the invasions of four non-native tree species at local scale: a detective work on Ailanthus altissima, Celtis occidentalis, Prunus serotina and Acer negundo

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