The Role of Leaf Movements for Optimizing Photosynthesis in Relation to Environmental Variation

Nilsen, Erik T.; Forseth, Irwin N.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93594-2_14

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…During short-term water deficiency the leaf movement, deep penetrating roots with strong suction force and partial or total stomatal closure provide a decrease in the water loss. Leaf movement of plants not only protects from the photodamage caused by high irradiation but reduces the effective leaf area for transpiration [57]. Paraheliotropic movement of leaves occurs mainly in beans while leaf rolling is typical for maize.…”

Section: Reduction Of Water Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Selected Vegetable Crop Species to Water Stress

2019

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The frequency of drought periods influences the yield potential of crops under field conditions. The change in morphology and anatomy of plants has been tested during drought stress under controlled conditions but the change in physiological processes has not been adequately studied in separate studies but needs to be reviewed collectively. This review presents the responses of green peas, snap beans, tomatoes and sweet corn to water stress based on their stomatal behaviour, canopy temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence and the chlorophyll content of leaves. These stress markers can be used for screening the drought tolerance of genotypes, the irrigation schedules or prediction of yield.

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Section: Reduction Of Water Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Selected Vegetable Crop Species to Water Stress

2019

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“…Cold‐induced leaf movement, termed thermonasty, can reduce the amount of leaf area exposed to solar radiation (Bao and Nilsen, 1988). The genus Rhododendron (Ericaceae), which comprises many temperate zone evergreen species, includes some broad‐leaved species that exhibit thermonasty, both leaf curling (changes in the leaf angle) and the rolling of the leaf lamina enclosing the abaxial surface in response to cold and subfreezing conditions (Nilsen, 1991, 1992; Chen et al, 2013; Nilsen and Forseth, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

The relationship of cold acclimation and extracellular ice formation to winter thermonasty in twoRhododendronspecies and their F₁hybrid

Arora

Krebs²,

Wisniewski

2021

American J of Botany

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Premise: Thermonastic leaf movements in evergreen Rhododendron species have been used to study plant strategies for winter photoprotection. To add to the current fundamental understanding of this behavior, we addressed the following questions:(1) Is the cold-acclimated (CA) state necessary for thermonasty, and do cold-induced leaf movements also occur in non-acclimated (NA) plants? (2) Which of the two movements, leaf rolling versus curling, is more responsive to freezing, if any, in a nonthermonastic species? (3) What is the temporal relationship between extracellular freezing and thermonasty? (4) What genetic inferences can be drawn from leaf movement in an F 1 hybrid relative to its parents? Methods: A temperature-controlled, gradual cooling regime was used to quantify freeze-induced leaf movements. Infrared thermography was used to confirm extracellular ice-formation in leaves. Results: Both NA and CA plants of thermonastic species exhibited thermonasty, but leaf rolling/curling increased significantly in CA plants. In the cold-acclimated condition, a non-thermonastic species showed almost no rolling during freezing, while the thermonastic species and F 1 hybrid did, the latter exhibiting a response intermediate to the parents. Freezing-induced leaf curling in the non-thermonastic species and the F 1 hybrid was equivalent and significantly less than the degree of curling in the thermonastic species. Conclusions: Milder thermonasty in NA than CA leaves could be associated with differential anisotropy in the rolling forces and/or response of aquaporins to freezing. Leaf movements in the hybrid suggest that leaf rolling and curling are additive and dominant genetic traits, respectively. Infrared thermography confirms that ice formation in tissues precedes cold-induced thermonasty in R. catawbiense.

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“…Leaf angle, the angle between the leaf normal and the zenith (Figure 1, Box 1), is a key leaf trait associated with light interception, photosynthesis, energy balance and competition among individual plants (Anten, 2005; Nilsen & Forseth, 2018; Ross, 1980). These physiological effects of leaf angle are an important component of plant ecological strategy and can scale up to significantly impact land surface properties such as carbon flux, surface temperature and spectral signature (Baldocchi et al, 2002; Myneni et al, 1986; Ollinger, 2011).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants utilize two types of physiological mechanisms to adjust leaf angles (Nilsen & Forseth, 2018; van Zanten et al, 2010): turgor adjustment using a specialized part at the base of the leaf called the pulvinus or differential cell growth at the abaxial and adaxial side of the petiole. Using these mechanisms, plants adjust leaf angle over the short‐ or long‐term in response to environmental and biological drivers (Figure 2).…”

Section: Understanding the Environmental And Biological Drivers Of Le...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between leaf angle and leaf water potential has been observed in shrubs and forests (Comstock & Mahall, 1985). Thus, along the ‘high‐low’ stress spectrum, leaves with a higher water potential should have a lower leaf angle, so that the irradiance at the leaf surface is often at the breakpoint of the light response curve, the point at which photosynthesis is co‐limited by ribulose bisphosphate regeneration and carboxylation (Nilsen & Forseth, 2018), or at the point that the light use efficiency is highest (Posada et al, 2012). A reduction in leaf water potential and a loss of turgor may cause a change in leaf angle to more vertical positions, reducing the level of radiation and the need to cool down the leaf.…”

Section: Understanding the Environmental And Biological Drivers Of Le...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf angle as a leaf and canopy trait: Rejuvenating its role in ecology with new technology

Yang

Jablonski

et al. 2023

Ecology Letters

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Life on Earth depends on the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy by plants through photosynthesis. A fundamental challenge in optimizing photosynthesis is to adjust leaf angles to efficiently use the intercepted sunlight under the constraints of heat stress, water loss and competition. Despite the importance of leaf angle, until recently, we have lacked data and frameworks to describe and predict leaf angle dynamics and their impacts on leaves to the globe. We review the role of leaf angle in studies of ecophysiology, ecosystem ecology and earth system science, and highlight the essential yet understudied role of leaf angle as an ecological strategy to regulate plant carbon–water–energy nexus and to bridge leaf, canopy and earth system processes. Using two models, we show that leaf angle variations have significant impacts on not only canopy‐scale photosynthesis, energy balance and water use efficiency but also light competition within the forest canopy. New techniques to measure leaf angles are emerging, opening opportunities to understand the rarely‐measured intraspecific, interspecific, seasonal and interannual variations of leaf angles and their implications to plant biology and earth system science. We conclude by proposing three directions for future research.

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The Role of Leaf Movements for Optimizing Photosynthesis in Relation to Environmental Variation

Cited by 10 publications

References 104 publications

Physiological Responses of Selected Vegetable Crop Species to Water Stress

Physiological Responses of Selected Vegetable Crop Species to Water Stress

The relationship of cold acclimation and extracellular ice formation to winter thermonasty in twoRhododendronspecies and their F₁hybrid

Leaf angle as a leaf and canopy trait: Rejuvenating its role in ecology with new technology

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The Role of Leaf Movements for Optimizing Photosynthesis in Relation to Environmental Variation

Cited by 10 publications

References 104 publications

Physiological Responses of Selected Vegetable Crop Species to Water Stress

Physiological Responses of Selected Vegetable Crop Species to Water Stress

The relationship of cold acclimation and extracellular ice formation to winter thermonasty in twoRhododendronspecies and their F1hybrid

Leaf angle as a leaf and canopy trait: Rejuvenating its role in ecology with new technology

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The relationship of cold acclimation and extracellular ice formation to winter thermonasty in twoRhododendronspecies and their F₁hybrid