The Role of Levels and Times of Application of Super Micro Plus Nanofertilizer on some Growth Characteristics and Stems Yield of Sugarcane Saccharum officinarum L.

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in one of the agricultural fields of Muqdadiya region during the season 2022-2023 to study the role of spraying with nanofertilizer called Super Micro Plus at levels (0, 1, 2 and 3) g/L as a first factor and with spraying times (the beginning of the tillering stage, the beginning of the elongation stage, and the beginning of the maturity stage) as a second factor in some growth characteristics and stems yield of sugarcane, variety Cp 89. The experiment was carried out according to a completely randomized blocks design with three replications, and the data were analyzed statistically, the results showed the following: 1. The use of nanofertilizer at a level of 2 g/L resulted in a significant increase in the number of total stems, stem height, stem diameter, leaf area and number of green leaves, as they reached 57.8, 160.7 cm, 30.7 mm, 1126.1 cm2/plant and 10.1 leaf/plant respectively. It also caused an increase in the mean of stems yield, reaching 61.5 tons/ha, with an increase of 56.1 %. 2. The spraying of nanofertilizer at the beginning of the tillering stage resulted in a significant increase in the number of total stems, stem diameter, leaf area and number of green leaves, reached to 61.6, 31.8 mm, 1127.9 cm2/plant and 9.9 leaf/plant respectively, and a decrease in the mean of stem height, as it reached to 155 cm. It also caused an increase in the mean of stems yield as it reached 53.6 tons/ha. 3. Spraying the plants with nanofertilizer at the level of 2 g / L at the beginning of the tillering stage resulted in highest increase in the mean number of total stems, stem diameter, leaf area and number of green leaves, reached to 69.4, 33.1 mm, 1187.5 cm2/plant and 11.7 leaves / plant respectively. And a decrease in mean of stem height, as it reached 153 cm. It also achieved the highest significant increase in the mean of stems yield, reached to 66 tons / ha, an increase of 67.5 %.

Effect of Levels and Times of Application of Super Micro Plus Nanofertilizer on Sugar Yield and Quality of Sugarcane Juice, Saccharum Officinarum L. Under the Conditions of the Central Region of Iraq

“…It was converted to tons per hectare. (Alghargan and Almubarak, 2023) Sugar yield (tons.ha 1): It was calculated according to the following equation: Sugar yield (tons.ha 1) = stem yield (tons.ha 1) X percentage of sucrose.…”

“…m 1 . This may be due to the fact that the levels of 2 g.l 1 and 3 g.l 1 were appropriate to meet the nutritional requirements of the plant in a manner consistent with yielding the best number of milling stems, Or it may be due to the role of nanofertilizer in increasing the stem diameter (Alghargan and Almubarak, 2023) as a result of its role in storing large quantities of nutrients in the storage tissues of the stem, which was reflected positively in increasing the number of milling stems.…”

“…Or it may be that the increase in the percentage of sucrose in the juice is due to the role of nanofertilizer in increasing the stem diameter of the plants (Alghargan & Almubarak, 2023), and this may have positively affected the percentage of sucrose in the stem, as Rizk & Abd Ali (1981) indicated that the sugar content in thick stems it is usually more than the sugar content in thin stems.…”

“…While the treatment of spraying nanofertilizer at the beginning of the tillering stage resulted in an increase of 14.1%, it did not differ significantly from spraying fertilizer at the beginning of the maturity stage, reaching 13.7% compared to the treatment of spraying fertilizer at the beginning of the elongation stage, which recorded 13.2%. This may be due, perhaps, to the role of the fertilizer added at the beginning of the tillering stage, to cause an increase in the leaf area and the number of green leaves in the plant (Alghargan and Almubarak, 2023), which contributed to increasing the ability of plants to carry out the process of photosynthesis and store large quantities of nutrients in the tissues of the plant, which was reflected positively in increasing the percentage of sucrose in the stems, as Alghargan (2020) mentioned that the percentage of sucrose in the stem comes primarily from increasing the photosynthesis process and increasing the efficiency of the process of transporting or accumulation sugars from the stems.…”

“…The increase in stems yield may be due to the role of using nanofertilizers in increasing the number of total stems, increasing their diameter, increasing the number of green leaves in the plant and increasing their area (Alghargan & Almubarak, 2023). Al-Juthery et al (2018) noticed that the use of nanofertilizers improved the productivity and growth of the wheat plant, as it has the ability to absorb, stick and move from the surface of the leaf through the stomata, which reflected positively in increasing the yield.…”