The role of long non-coding RNA in abdominal aortic aneurysm

Xu, Yi; Yang, Shuofei; Xue, Guanhua

doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1153899

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…At the same time, there is an acceleration in adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) and interlukin-1α, which enables a progressive migration of inflammatory cells, e.g., lymphocytes and macrophages [80]. The reduced availability of NO, together with ROS' influence on proinflammatory cells, increases the level of cytokine expression, which sustains the inflammation process in the aortic wall [112]. ROS play a significant role in regulating the phenotypic switch and proliferation of VSMCs.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Species (Ros)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Aortic Aneurysm—Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

Domagała,

Data,

Szyller

et al. 2024

Cells

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A disturbance of the structure of the aortic wall results in the formation of aortic aneurysm, which is characterized by a significant bulge on the vessel surface that may have consequences, such as distention and finally rupture. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major pathological condition because it affects approximately 8% of elderly men and 1.5% of elderly women. The pathogenesis of AAA involves multiple interlocking mechanisms, including inflammation, immune cell activation, protein degradation and cellular malalignments. The expression of inflammatory factors, such as cytokines and chemokines, induce the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the wall of the aorta, including macrophages, natural killer cells (NK cells) and T and B lymphocytes. Protein degradation occurs with a high expression not only of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) but also of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and chymases. The loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to cell apoptosis and phenotype switching reduces tissue density and may contribute to AAA. It is important to consider the key mechanisms of initiating and promoting AAA to achieve better preventative and therapeutic outcomes.

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Section: Reactive Oxygen Species (Ros)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Aortic Aneurysm—Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

Domagała,

Data,

Szyller

et al. 2024

Cells

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show abstract

“…In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying the role of lncRNAs in human disease, because of its potential clinical applications and advantages; they are expressed in peripheral blood and have tissue and spatiotemporal specificity, making them useful biomarkers of many medical conditions [ 29 ]. Notably, lncRNAs have emerged as key players in various vascular and neurological diseases, including the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms and ischemic stroke [ 30 , 31 ]. Furthermore, their potential as therapeutic targets has gained considerable attention, with ongoing investigations exploring their utility in drug therapies, particularly in the context of neurological tumors [ 32 ].…”

Section: Overview Of Epigenetics and Its Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Epigenetics in Brain Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Comprehensive Review

Fernández-Pérez,

Macias-Gómez,

Suárez-Pérez

et al. 2024

IJMS

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This comprehensive review explores the emerging field of epigenetics in intracranial aneurysm (IA) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Despite recent advancements, the high mortality of aSAH needs an understanding of its underlying pathophysiology, where epigenetics plays a crucial role. This review synthesizes the current knowledge, focusing on three primary epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), and histone modification in IA and aSAH. While DNA methylation studies are relatively limited, they suggest a significant role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of IA and aSAH, highlighting differentially methylated positions in genes presumably involved in these pathologies. However, methodological limitations, including small sample sizes and a lack of diverse population studies, temper these results. The role of ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs, has been more extensively studied, but there are still few studies focused on histone modifications. Despite methodological challenges and inconsistent findings, these studies underscore the involvement of miRNAs in key pathophysiological processes, including vascular smooth muscle regulation and the inflammatory response. This review emphasizes methodological challenges in epigenetic research, advocating for large-scale epigenome-wide association studies integrating genetic and environmental factors, along with longitudinal studies. Such research could unravel the complex mechanisms behind IA and aSAH, guiding the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.

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“…Concerning AAA, numerous studies have shown the crucial role of lncRNAs in different processes underlying aortic growth, but only a few of them have been functionally characterised. Results from in vivo studies in animal models have analysed the participation of H19, GAS5, PVT1, XIST, SENCR, MYOSLID, SMILR, and NEAT1 in AAA pathophysiology [230,234,235]. In fact, silencing these lncRNAs reduces AAA formation and attenuates aortic diameter by different mechanisms, like limiting the MMP-dependent proteolytic degradation of the aortic wall, reducing the expression of inflammatory mediators and attenuating apoptosis [236][237][238][239].…”

Section: Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel pharmacological approaches in abdominal aortic aneurysm

et al. 2023

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe vascular disease and a major public health issue with an unmet medical need for therapy. This disease is featured by a progressive dilation of the abdominal aorta, boosted by atherosclerosis, ageing, and smoking as major risk factors. Aneurysm growth increases the risk of aortic rupture, a life-threatening emergency with high mortality rates. Despite the increasing progress in our knowledge about the etiopathology of AAA, an effective pharmacological treatment against this disorder remains elusive and surgical repair is still the unique available therapeutic approach for high-risk patients. Meanwhile, there is no medical alternative for patients with small aneurysms but close surveillance. Clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antihypertensive agents, statins, doxycycline, or anti-platelet drugs, among others, failed to demonstrate a clear benefit limiting AAA growth, while data from ongoing clinical trials addressing the benefit of metformin on aneurysm progression are eagerly awaited. Recent preclinical studies have postulated new therapeutic targets and pharmacological strategies paving the way for the implementation of future clinical studies exploring these novel therapeutic strategies. This review summarises some of the most relevant clinical and preclinical studies in search of new therapeutic approaches for AAA.

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The role of long non-coding RNA in abdominal aortic aneurysm

Cited by 10 publications

References 103 publications

Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Aortic Aneurysm—Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Aortic Aneurysm—Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

The Role of Epigenetics in Brain Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Comprehensive Review

Novel pharmacological approaches in abdominal aortic aneurysm

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