The Role of Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Study

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease. Inflammatory cells, cytokines and chemokines play a major role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as a photobiostimulation approach could affect a wide range of cellular responses. LLLT inhibits the inflammatory signaling pathway, improves cell viability, inhibits apoptosis, modulates immune responses and induces the production of growth factors. Methods: In this review, we discuss the effect of LLLT on cellular responses and its application in the treatment of MS. Such keywords as "low-level laser therapy", "photobiomodulation" and "multiple sclerosis" were used to find studies related to laser therapy in MS in Google scholar, PubMed and Medline databases. Results: LLLT reduced the inflammatory immune cells and mediators. It also enhanced the regeneration of neurons. Conclusion: Investigations showed that besides current treatment strategies, LLLT could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of MS.

A Holistic Perspective on How Photobiomodulation May Influence Fatigue, Pain, and Depression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Beyond Molecular Mechanisms

“…As TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 disrupt the blood-brain barrier, they may also induce neuroinflammation and inhibit neurocognitive processes. Morris et al [64] also note that mitochondrial dysfunction is common in disease states expressing severe or chronic disease where inflammation may be a marker, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and depression some of which have been recently identified as targets for PBM, perhaps due to the effect on mitochondria, e.g., [71][72][73][74].…”

Low-Level Laser Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Review of Experimental Approaches

“…32,33 LLLT has also been applied as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), RA, stroke, bone fractions, and autoimmune thyroiditis. [34][35][36][37][38] LLLT Mechanism of Action LLLT photons are absorbed in the cells through the mitochondria organelle. Mitochondria cytochromes use these photons in order to synthesize ATP.…”