The role of maternal health care services as predictors of time to modern contraceptive use after childbirth in Northwest Ethiopia: Application of the shared frailty survival analysis

Emiru, Amanu Aragaw; Alene, Getu Degu; Debelew, Gurmesa Tura

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228678

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Like many other studies, this observed association is not unique to our study. 36 37 Antenatal care represents a unique opportunity to interact, educate and provide family support to women from diverse socioeconomic status, and this facilitates the uptake of modern CPs. 38 This finding, which adds to the existing literature, provides a benchmark for integrating family planning services during antenatal care to improve maternal and child health outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive (CP) use among women of the reproductive age.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe used data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICSs) from 20 African countries collected between 2013 and 2018.ParticipantsData on 1 177 459 women aged 15–49 years old.MethodsMultivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with modern CP use, while controlling simultaneously for independent variables, and accounting for clustering, stratification and sample weights from the complex sampling design. We used random effects meta-analysis to pool adjusted estimates across the 20 countries.ResultsThe overall prevalence of modern CP use was 26% and ranged from 6% in Guinea to 62% in Zimbabwe. Overall, injectable (32%) was the most preferred method of CP, followed by oral pill (27%) and implants (16%). Women were more likely to use a modern CP if they: had a primary (adjusted prevalence odds ratios (aPORs): 1.68, 95% CI: 1.47 to 1.91)) or secondary/higher education (aPOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.80 to 2.59) compared with women with no formal education; had no delivery in the last 2 years (aPOR: 3.89, 95% CI: 2.76 to 5.47) compared with women who delivered in the last 2 years; were aged 25–34 years (aPOR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.47) compared with women aged 15–24 years; were of middle-income status (aPOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.39) or rich (aPOR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.84) compared with poor women and had two or more antenatal care visits compared with women without a visit. Perceived domestic violence was not associated with modern CP use (aPOR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.05).ConclusionOur findings are relevant in a global context, particularly in the African region, and improve our understanding on relevant factors essential to increasing modern CP use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study

et al. 2020

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“…This study was part of a large study done on the continuum of maternal health care with multiple objectives, and the detail of sample size calculation and sampling procedure is described elsewhere. 20 Of the different sample sizes computed, the largest sample size (1294 women) was obtained by considering the following assumptions; 95% confidence level, 4% margin of error, 16.5% proportion of PNC utilization, 12 design effect of 2, and 10% non-response rate. However, in the current study, we were interested in the timing of the first antenatal visit among women during their last pregnancy.…”

Section: Study Population and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Individual, Household, and Contextual Factors Influencing the Timing of the First Antenatal Care Attendance in Northwest Ethiopia: A Two-Level Binary Logistic Regression Analysis</p>

Emiru

Alene

Debelew

2020

IJWH

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Background: Early antenatal visit is critical for the health and well-being of mothers and babies. However, various individual, family level, and contextual factors influence the timely initiation of antenatal care. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine individual, household, and communitylevel factors associated with the timing of first ANC visit among mothers who gave birth in the last twelve months before the survey. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2018. A multistage cluster sampling technique was applied, and a sample of 898 women was considered. Data were collected using a questionnaire and checklist. The analysis was made using SPSS. A multilevel logistic regression with random effects at the kebele level was developed to assess the predictors of late initiation of antenatal care. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was used to measure association while the intraclass correlation coefficient and the median odds ratio were used to measure variations. Results: Overall, 78.4% (95% CI: 75.6, 80.9) of women started their first ANC in 4 months of gestation or later and significant heterogeneity was observed between clusters. At level 1, women with intended pregnancy (aOR=0.31; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.79), and being knowledgeable about the timing (aOR=0.43; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.75) and pregnancy-related complications (aOR=0.16; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.26) were less likely to delay their first ANC visit. Conversely, the odds of late ANC visit was higher among women with no formal education (aOR=4.08, 95% CI: 2.20, 7.55). Distance to the health facility (aOR=1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) was the only level-2 significant predictor. Conclusion: The study revealed that late ANC initiation was rampant. Several factors operating at different levels were associated with late ANC visits; yet, the role of individuallevel factors was relatively stronger. Hence, awareness creation is essential to the underprivileged community using the available communication networks.

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“…59 This might be due to environmental, socioeconomic, and cultural differences between Ethiopia and abroad. 60 Based on scientifically proved reason, during HIV infection and pregnancy the immune status of women is decreased, leading to various bacterial infections. 52,61 However, types of discharge had a significant association with BV, and the association was protective to BV (OR = 0.01 (95% CI, 0.007, 0.024) and OR = 0.02 (95% CI, 0.007, 0.032)).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, and Associated Factors of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Women of the Reproductive Age Group from Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

Bitew¹,

Mengist²,

Belew³

et al. 2021

IDR

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Background: Bacterial vaginosis is an infection of the vagina, which results due to change in the normal balance of vaginal bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of bacterial vaginosis among women of reproductive age group from Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women during the reproductive period at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital from September 1, 2019 to October 2020. About 413 vaginal swab samples were collected and examined using the Nugent scoring system and culture. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 25. The odds ratio (OR) was used as a measure of the strength of association and reported with 95% confidence intervals. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify possible associated factors with bacteria causing bacterial vaginosis. Results: The overall prevalence of bacteria causing bacterial vaginosis was 39.5%. The predominant bacteria were S. aureus (25.4%), G. vaginalis (22.7%), S. agalactiae (14.1%), and E. coli (13.5%). S. aureus was resistant to erythromycin (69.8%) and trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole (53.5%); despite this, it was susceptible to ciprofloxacillin (93%), gentamycin (93%), and cefoxitin (90.7%). On the other hand, E. coli was resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (91.3%) and ceftriaxone (63.6%), but was susceptible to ciprofloxacillin (95.5%) and gentamycin (93%). Conclusion:The high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was significantly associated with the pH level of the vagina (≥4.5), participant age ≤20, pregnancy, and history of HIV infection. Therefore, early identification of factors leading to bacterial overgrowth on the vagina is very important to protect maternal and child morbidity and mortality.

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The role of maternal health care services as predictors of time to modern contraceptive use after childbirth in Northwest Ethiopia: Application of the shared frailty survival analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study

Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study

<p>Individual, Household, and Contextual Factors Influencing the Timing of the First Antenatal Care Attendance in Northwest Ethiopia: A Two-Level Binary Logistic Regression Analysis</p>

The Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, and Associated Factors of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Women of the Reproductive Age Group from Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

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