The role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs in diabetic wound healing

Abstract

Diabetic foot is one of the most common complications of diabetes, requiring repeated surgical interventions and leading to amputation. In the absence of effective drugs, new treatments need to be explored. Previous studies have found that stem cell transplantation can promote the healing of chronic diabetic wounds. However, safety issues have limited the clinical application of this technique. Recently, the performance of mesenchymal stem cells after transplantation has been increasingly attributed to their production of exocrine functional derivatives such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), cytokines, and cell-conditioned media. EVs contain a variety of cellular molecules, including RNA, DNA and proteins, which facilitate the exchange of information between cells. EVs have several advantages over parental stem cells, including a high safety profile, no immune response, fewer ethical concerns, and a reduced likelihood of embolism formation and carcinogenesis. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs in accelerating diabetic wound healing, as well as their potential clinic applications.

Histological evaluation of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency microneedling treatment in a porcine model

“…The in vivo thermal wound healing response involves three distinct stages; inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling 18 . Our study is partly consistent with previous studies reporting that the expression of metalloproteinase, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins showed changes after FRM treatment 19,20 .…”

Epigenetic modification: A novel insight into diabetic wound healing

“…Reduced M1 macrophage transformation into M2 macrophages resulted in decreased insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) secretion, which in turn caused a decrease in myofibroblasts and decreased collagen synthesis. Meanwhile, increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) exacerbates collagen degradation and ultimately inhibits collagen deposition [ 66 ]. These changes present a significant challenge to diabetic wound healing.…”

Biomaterials-Based Strategies to Enhance Angiogenesis in Diabetic Wound Healing

“…Differences in the repair of chronic diabetic wounds from that of normal wounds. Reproduced from Jiang et al, available under a CC-BY 4.0 license.…”