The Role of Metabolic Disorders in Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia

Craft, Suzanne

doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.27

Cited by 488 publications

(437 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Other studies have confirmed the relationship between hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, stroke and AD [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. Our study confirmed that hypertension is a risk factor for early onset AD [63].…”

Section: Comorbiditiessupporting

confidence: 88%

Ethnic Differences in Early Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Chen¹,

Panegyres²

2017

J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism

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Section: Comorbiditiessupporting

confidence: 88%

Ethnic Differences in Early Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Chen¹,

Panegyres²

2017

J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism

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“…Such conditions are nowadays recognized as risk factors not only for vascular dementia but also for AD (Launer et al 2000;Meyer et al 2000;Knopman et al 2001;Stuerenburg et al 2005;Rosendorff et al 2007;Irie et al 2008;Xu et al 2009). There are also findings from post mortem and in vivo morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies indicating that brain lesions of vascular origin, such as white matter hyperintensities, stroke, and lacunar infarcts, may be significantly associated with AD (Craft 2009;Erkinjuntti and Gauthier 2009;Teipel et al 2009). Moreover, the presence of the APOE ε4 allele is an important risk factor not only for AD but also for cardiovascular disease (Irie et al 2008;Kivipelto et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular risk in cognitively preserved elderlies is associated with glucose hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus regardless of brain atrophy and apolipoprotein gene variations

Tamashiro-Duran

Squarzoni

Duran

et al. 2012

AGE

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Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) possibly contribute to the emergence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has been widely used to demonstrate specific patterns of reduced cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (CMRgl) in subjects with AD and in non-demented AGE (2013) 35:777-792 DOI 10.1007 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11357-012-9413-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. carriers of the apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) allele, the major genetic risk factor for AD. However, functional neuroimaging studies investigating the impact of CVRF on cerebral metabolism have been scarce to date. The present FDG-PET study investigated 59 cognitively preserved elderlies divided into three groups according to their cardiovascular risk based on the Framingham 10-year risk Coronary Heart Disease Risk Profile (low-, medium-, and high-risk) to examine whether different levels of CVRF would be associated with reduced CMRgl, involving the same brain regions affected in early stages of AD. Functional imaging data were corrected for partial volume effects to avoid confounding effects due to regional brain atrophy, and all analyses included the presence of the APOE ε4 allele as a confounding covariate. Significant cerebral metabolism reductions were detected in the high-risk group when compared to the low-risk group in the left precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus. This suggests that findings of brain hypometabolism similar to those seen in subjects with AD can be detected in association with the severity of cardiovascular risk in cognitively preserved individuals. Thus, a greater knowledge about how such factors influence brain functioning in healthy subjects over time may provide important insigths for the future development of strategies aimed at delaying or preventing the vascular-related triggering of pathologic brain changes in the AD.

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“…135 It is interesting to note the existing overlap between these results and the regions presenting negative correlations between resting CMRgl and insulin resistance as found by another group 97 ; one possibility is that insulin resistance impairs neural metabolism, thus leading to less efficient interregional network integration and to a number of pathophysiological processes related to AD. 136,137 Hippocampal connectivity has been studied in older adults with type 2 diabetes using rs-fMRI. These patients exhibited decreased connectivity between the hippocampus and major hubs of the DMN (posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobule).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognitive Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

The link between cardiovascular risk, Alzheimer's disease, and mild cognitive impairment: support from recent functional neuroimaging studies

Ferreira

Tamashiro-Duran

Squarzoni

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To review functional neuroimaging studies about the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search to identify articles in the neuroimaging field addressing CVRF in AD and MCI. We included studies that used positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results: CVRFs have been considered risk factors for cognitive decline, MCI, and AD. Patterns of AD-like changes in brain function have been found in association with several CVRFs (both regarding individual risk factors and also composite CVRF measures). In vivo assessment of AD-related pathology with amyloid imaging techniques provided further evidence linking CVRFs and AD, but there is still limited information resulting from this new technology. Conclusion: There is a large body of evidence from functional neuroimaging studies supporting the hypothesis that CVRFs may play a causal role in the pathophysiology of AD. A major limitation of most studies is their cross-sectional design; future longitudinal studies using multiple imaging modalities are expected to better document changes in CVRF-related brain function patterns and provide a clearer picture of the complex relationship between aging, CVRFs, and AD.

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The Role of Metabolic Disorders in Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia

Cited by 488 publications

References 41 publications

Ethnic Differences in Early Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Ethnic Differences in Early Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Cardiovascular risk in cognitively preserved elderlies is associated with glucose hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus regardless of brain atrophy and apolipoprotein gene variations

The link between cardiovascular risk, Alzheimer's disease, and mild cognitive impairment: support from recent functional neuroimaging studies

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