The Role of Mucosal Microbiota in the Development, Maintenance, and Pathologies of the Mucosal Immune System

Cebra, John J.; Jiang, Han-Qing; Boiko, N. A.; Tlaskalová‐Hogenová, Helena

doi:10.1016/b978-012491543-5/50022-x

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 292 publications

(305 reference statements)

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“…They all had regular menstrual cycles; two were on birth control pills. Twelve volunteers were a subpopulation of a previous study (20) who had been vaccinated orally (7) or rectally (5) with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Ty21a and had provided samples of external secretions (tears, parotid saliva, nasal wash fluid, and intestinal lavage fluid) after immunization. Samples for assessment of total concentrations of IgA1 and IgA2 were collected at a time point with no history of recent immunizations or recent infections, and for those providing samples for analysis of Salmonella serovar Typhi-specific IgA1 and IgA2 responses, both total and specific IgA1 and IgA2 levels were assessed 28 days after vaccination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Homing Receptors on IgA1 and IgA2 Plasmablasts in Blood Reflects Differential Distribution of IgA1 and IgA2 in Various Body Fluids

Pakkanen

Kantele

Moldoveanu

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Although secretory IgA is the most abundantly produced Ig isotype, the mechanisms underlying the differential distribution of IgA subclasses in various body fluids remain unclear. To explore these mechanisms, we examined the distribution of IgA subclasses, the influence of the nature and sites of encounters with antigens, and the correlation between IgA subclass distribution and homing potentials of circulating IgA plasmablasts. IgA1 predominated in serum, tears, nasal wash fluid, and saliva; the levels of IgA1 and IgA2 were comparable in vaginal wash fluid; and IgA2 predominated in intestinal lavage fluids. Seventy-one percent of circulating IgA plasmablasts secreted IgA1. The intestinal homing receptor (HR), ␣4␤7, was expressed more frequently on IgA2 than on IgA1 plasmablasts, with no differences in the expression of other HRs. IgA subclass distribution among circulating antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) was dependent on the nature of the antigen: following vaccination with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide, or Haemophilus influenzae polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate, the proportions of specific IgA1 ASC were 74%, 47%, 56%, and 80%, respectively. HR expression depended on the route of administration: expression of HRs was different after oral than after parenteral vaccination, while no difference was seen between HR expression of antigen-specific IgA1 and IgA2 ASC induced via the same route. The key factors determining IgA subclass distribution in a given secretion are the nature of the antigens encountered at a particular site and the site-specific homing instructions given to lymphocytes at that site. These two factors are reflected as differences in the homing profiles of the total populations of circulating IgA1 and IgA2 plasmablasts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Homing Receptors on IgA1 and IgA2 Plasmablasts in Blood Reflects Differential Distribution of IgA1 and IgA2 in Various Body Fluids

Pakkanen

Kantele

Moldoveanu

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…During the early postnatal period, the intestinal microbiota stimulates the development of both local and systemic immunity, while later on these components evoke inhibitory regulatory mechanisms intended to keep both mucosal and systemic immunity in check. [35][36][37] The importance of the microbiota in the structural and functional features of the developing immune system was predicted by Professor Jaroslav Šterzl, who established the Laboratory of Gnotobiology at the Institute of Microbiology more than 50 years ago. This crucial development provided tools to study basic questions about the host-microbiota interaction using various animal models.…”

Section: The Role Of the Microbiota In Postnatal Development Of Innatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of gut microbiota (commensal bacteria) and the mucosal barrier in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and cancer: contribution of germ-free and gnotobiotic animal models of human diseases

et al. 2011

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“…As a result, indigenous bacteria create appropriate homeostatic conditions for physiologic processes such as the production of vitamin K and the metabolism of indigestible dietary carbohydrates and polysaccharides (1). In addition to nutritional mutualism, microbial stimulation is required for full maturation of the host immune system, including intestinal secretory IgA (SIgA) production (2). It was demonstrated that germ-free (GF) mice have an immature mucosal immune system, including hypoplastic Peyer's patches (PPs) and diminished numbers of IgA-producing cells and CD4 + T cells (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous opportunistic bacteria inhabit mammalian gut-associated lymphoid tissues and share a mucosal antibody-mediated symbiosis

Obata

Goto

Kunisawa

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

202

185

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The indigenous bacteria create natural cohabitation niches together with mucosal Abs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Here we report that opportunistic bacteria, largely Alcaligenes species, specifically inhabit host Peyer's patches (PPs) and isolated lymphoid follicles, with the associated preferential induction of antigen-specific mucosal IgA Abs in the GI tract. Alcaligenes were identified as the dominant bacteria on the interior of PPs from naïve, specific-pathogen-free but not from germ-free mice. Oral transfer of intratissue uncultured Alcaligenes into germ-free mice resulted in the presence of Alcaligenes inside the PPs of recipients. This result was further supported by the induction of antigen-specific Ab-producing cells in the mucosal (e.g., PPs) but not systemic compartment (e.g., spleen). The preferential presence of Alcaligenes inside PPs and the associated induction of intestinal secretory IgA Abs were also observed in both monkeys and humans. Localized mucosal Ab-mediated symbiotic immune responses were supported by Alcaligenes-stimulated CD11c + dendritic cells (DCs) producing the Ab-enhancing cytokines TGF-β, B-cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family, and IL-6 in PPs. These CD11c + DCs did not migrate beyond the draining mesenteric lymph nodes. In the absence of antigen-specific mucosal Abs, the presence of Alcaligenes in PPs was greatly diminished. Thus, indigenous opportunistic bacteria uniquely inhabit PPs, leading to PP-DCsinitiated, local antigen-specific Ab production; this may involve the creation of an optimal symbiotic environment on the interior of the PPs.Alcaligenes | intratissue habitation | Peyer's patch

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The Role of Mucosal Microbiota in the Development, Maintenance, and Pathologies of the Mucosal Immune System

Cited by 35 publications

References 292 publications

Expression of Homing Receptors on IgA1 and IgA2 Plasmablasts in Blood Reflects Differential Distribution of IgA1 and IgA2 in Various Body Fluids

Expression of Homing Receptors on IgA1 and IgA2 Plasmablasts in Blood Reflects Differential Distribution of IgA1 and IgA2 in Various Body Fluids

The role of gut microbiota (commensal bacteria) and the mucosal barrier in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and cancer: contribution of germ-free and gnotobiotic animal models of human diseases

Indigenous opportunistic bacteria inhabit mammalian gut-associated lymphoid tissues and share a mucosal antibody-mediated symbiosis

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