The role of mycotoxins in neurodegenerative diseases: current state of the art and future perspectives of research

Nguyen, Vu Thu Thuy; König, Svenja; Eggert, Simone; Kins, Stefan

doi:10.1515/hsz-2021-0214

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…In addition to being found in cereals, molds and toxins can be found in airborne dust. Furthermore, fungi in the environment have been reported to induce neurological diseases (Nguyen et al 2022;Eiser 2017; Bredesen 2016). For example, Finland has a high local incidence of dementia which it has been hypothesized is due at least in part to a cold and humid climate that is suitable for mold growth (Eiser 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIF-1α is a “brake” in JNK-mediated activation of amyloid protein precursor and hyperphosphorylation of tau induced by T-2 toxin in BV2 cells

Zhao,

Valis,

Wang

et al. 2024

Mycotoxin Res

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Mycotoxins have the capacity of triggering neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is marked by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and hyperphosphorylation of tau (P-tau). However, there is no evidence of an exact molecular mechanism to prove the above point. Due to the high toxicity and broad contamination of T-2 toxin, we assessed how T-2 toxin exposure alters amyloid precursor protein (APP) and P-tau formation in BV2 cells, and determined the underlying roles of HIF-1α and JNK3 signaling. The ndings revealed that T-2 toxin stimulated the expression of HIF-1α and hypoxic stress factors in addition to increasing the expression of APP and P-tau. Additionally, HIF-1α acted as a "brake" on the induction of APP and P-tau expression by negatively regulating these proteins. Notably, T-2 toxin activated JNK3 signaling, which broke this "brake" to promote the formation of APP and P-tau. Furthermore, the cytoskeleton was an essential target for T-2 toxin to exert cytotoxicity, and JNK3/HIF-1α participated in this damage. Collectively, when the T-2 toxin induces the production of APP and P-tau, JNK3 might interfere with HIF-1α's protective function. This study will provide clues for further research on the neurotoxicity of mycotoxins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIF-1α is a “brake” in JNK-mediated activation of amyloid protein precursor and hyperphosphorylation of tau induced by T-2 toxin in BV2 cells

Zhao,

Valis,

Wang

et al. 2024

Mycotoxin Res

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“…They have been linked with the development of neurodivergent disease. 12 Mycotoxins have the potential for both acute and chronic health effects, through entering the blood stream and lymphatic system. Nausea, gastrointestinal disturbances and vomiting symptoms have been reported in relation to mycotoxin exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mould contamination of dwellings after flooding

Neumeister-Kemp,

Kemp,

Tijsen

2023

Microbiol. Aust.

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Australia’s sub-tropical coastline has been subjected to catastrophic flooding, congruent with a global trend of extreme weather events exacerbated by climate change. This study examined buildings post-flooding, to determine the impact of fungal contamination and evaluate remediation strategy success. Fungal species prevalence in association with wet building materials are outlined. Remediation methods found to be effective are highlighted. These findings support the necessity of establishing internationally recognised guidelines pertaining to mould contamination and remediation. This is particularly pertinent within the context of climate change. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of mycobiota in flood affected buildings, their health and safety implications and design of effective mitigation strategies.

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“…In vitro studies with mammalian cell lines have demonstrated that gliotoxins promote both apoptotic and necrotic cell death, in addition to mitochondrial toxicity [17]. Due to their cytotoxic, genotoxic, and apoptotic effects, gliotoxins are believed to be virulence factors in A. fumigatus [18][19][20]. The A. fumigatus genome contains 13 gli genes, all of which are likely involved in gliotoxin generation [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of gliotoxin-producing Aspergillus fumigatus in dairy cattle feed

Mohamed,

Haziri,

Saied

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Several strains of Aspergillus fumigatus produce mycotoxins that affect the health and productivity of dairy cattle, and their presence in dairy cattle feed is a serious concern. This study aimed to determine the densities of A. fumigatus and gliotoxin in commercial dairy feed. Materials and Methods: More than 60 dairy feed samples were examined for fungal contamination, specifically for A. fumigatus, using phenotypic approaches and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin regions. Thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to assess gliotoxin production in A. fumigatus. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to investigate the expression of gliZ, which was responsible for gliotoxin production. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect gliotoxin in feed samples. Results: Aspergillus was the most commonly identified genus (68.3%). Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from 18.3% of dairy feed samples. Only four of the 11 A. fumigatus isolates yielded detectable gliotoxins by HPLC. In total, 7/11 (43.7%) feed samples tested had gliotoxin contamination above the threshold known to induce immunosuppressive and apoptotic effects in vitro. The HPLC-based classification of isolates as high, moderate, or non-producers of gliotoxin was confirmed by RT-PCR, and the evaluation of gliZ expression levels corroborated this classification. Conclusion: The identification of A. fumigatus from animal feed greatly depended on ITS and β-tubulin sequencing. Significant concentrations of gliotoxin were found in dairy cattle feed, and its presence may affect dairy cow productivity and health. Furthermore, workers face contamination risks when handling and storing animal feed. Keywords: Aspergillus fumigatus, cattle feed, gliotoxin, gliZ, high-performance liquid chromatography, real-time polymerase chain reaction.

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The role of mycotoxins in neurodegenerative diseases: current state of the art and future perspectives of research

Cited by 15 publications

References 202 publications

HIF-1α is a “brake” in JNK-mediated activation of amyloid protein precursor and hyperphosphorylation of tau induced by T-2 toxin in BV2 cells

HIF-1α is a “brake” in JNK-mediated activation of amyloid protein precursor and hyperphosphorylation of tau induced by T-2 toxin in BV2 cells

Mould contamination of dwellings after flooding

Molecular characterization of gliotoxin-producing Aspergillus fumigatus in dairy cattle feed

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