The Role of Natural Products in Discovery of New Anti‐Infective Agents with Emphasis on Antifungal Compounds

Sortino, Maximiliano; Derita, Marcos Gabriel; Svetaz, Laura; Raimondi, Marcela; Liberto, Melina Di; Petenatti, Elisa M.; Gupta, Mahabir P.; Zacchino, Susana

doi:10.1002/9781118260005.ch6

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Among the natural products, plants contain diverse components that are important sources of biologically active molecules [50, 133, 134]. In fact, the activity of plant crude extracts against different microorganisms has been reported, that is, strong antifungal activity of some major components of essential oils [135, 136].…”

Section: Need Of New Antifungal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other compounds with antimycological activity obtained from plants are saponins, alkaloids, peptides, and proteins [47, 48]. Marine organisms, endophytic fungi and microorganisms of terrestrial environment are also specific sources of antifungal compounds, although to a lesser extent [50, 139]. Among them, good antimicrobial activities of anthracycline-related compounds, peptides, pyrones, lipopeptides, and terpenoids isolated from these specific sources have been reported [49–51].…”

Section: Need Of New Antifungal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the last group includes compounds which are derived from semisynthetic natural products, such as compounds derived from echinocandins: micafungin sodium, anidulafungin, caspofungin acetate, and pneumocandin. These agents showed improved properties over the parental compounds [50, 141]. Unfortunately, echinocandins derivatives are poorly absorbed when administered orally and, therefore, are used only for IV administration.…”

Section: Need Of New Antifungal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CandidaInfections, Causes, Targets, and Resistance Mechanisms: Traditional and Alternative Antifungal Agents

Spampinato

Leonardi

2013

BioMed Research International

321

261

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The genus Candida includes about 200 different species, but only a few species are human opportunistic pathogens and cause infections when the host becomes debilitated or immunocompromised. Candida infections can be superficial or invasive. Superficial infections often affect the skin or mucous membranes and can be treated successfully with topical antifungal drugs. However, invasive fungal infections are often life-threatening, probably due to inefficient diagnostic methods and inappropriate initial antifungal therapies. Here, we briefly review our current knowledge of pathogenic species of the genus Candida and yeast infection causes and then focus on current antifungal drugs and resistance mechanisms. An overview of new therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of Candida infections is also provided.

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Section: Need Of New Antifungal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Need Of New Antifungal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Need Of New Antifungal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CandidaInfections, Causes, Targets, and Resistance Mechanisms: Traditional and Alternative Antifungal Agents

Spampinato

Leonardi

2013

BioMed Research International

321

261

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“…In recent years there has been increasing interest in the exploitation of natural resources for the identification of new anti-infective agents [1]. Medicinal plants, containing bioactive substances of noteworthy therapeutic value as revealed by their traditional uses and chemical diversity, are considered to be one of the most important sources of such compounds [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

et al. 2020

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Laurus nobilis L. (laurel, Lauraceae) and Prunus armeniaca L. (apricot, Rosaceae) are important industrial crops and display significant biological properties, including antimicrobial activity. In this work, essential oils (EOs) prepared from the leaves of both species from Morocco were evaluated for the first time for possible synergistic in vitro antibacterial and antifungal effects with some conventional antimicrobial drugs, namely fluconazole, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Samples were further evaluated for chemical composition by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main volatile compounds detected in L. nobilis were eucalyptol (40.85%), α-terpinyl acetate (12.64%) and methyl eugenol (8.72%), while P. armeniaca was dominated essentially by (Z)-phytol (27.18%), pentacosane (15.11%), nonacosane (8.76%) and benzaldehyde (7.25%). Regarding antimicrobial activity, both EOs inhibited significantly all the microorganisms tested. The EO from L. nobilis had the highest activity, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 1.39 to 22.2 mg/mL for bacteria and between 2.77 and 5.55 mg/mL for yeasts. Conversely, the combination of the studied EOs with ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and fluconazol resulted in a noteworthy decrease in their individual MICs. In fact, of the 32 interactions tested, 23 (71.87%) demonstrated total synergism and 9 (28.12%) a partial synergistic interaction. The EO from L. nobilis exhibited the highest synergistic effect with all the antibiotics used, with fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index values in the range of 0.266 to 0.75 for bacteria, and between 0.258 and 0.266 for yeast. The synergistic interaction between the studied EOs and standard antibiotics may constitute promising anti-infective agents useful for treating diseases induced by antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

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“…Despite great efforts to eradicate different human diseases, many of them remain as current health problems. Of these, infectious diseases represent one of the most important challenges due to the very high levels of morbidity and mortality they cause [1]. The most common medical treatments in infectious disease management consist of chemotherapeutics based on typical antibiotic drugs, but decreased efficacy along the time has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Docking and Multivariate Analysis of Xanthones as Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents

Bernal

Coy-Barrera

2015

Molecules

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Xanthones are secondary metabolites which have drawn considerable interest over the last decades due to their antimicrobial properties, among others. A great number of this kind of compounds has been therefore reported, but there is a limited amount of studies on screening for biological activity. Thus, as part of our research on antimicrobial agents of natural origin, a set of 272 xanthones were submitted to molecular docking (MD) calculations with a group of seven fungal and two viral enzymes. The results indicated that prenylated xanthones are important hits for inhibition of the analyzed enzymes. The MD scores were also analyzed by multivariate statistics. Important structural details were found to be crucial for the inhibition of the tested enzymes by the xanthones. In addition, the classification of active xanthones can be achieved by statistical analysis on molecular docking scores by an affinity-antifungal activity relationship approach. The obtained results therefore are a suitable starting point for the development of antifungal and antiviral agents based on xanthones.

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The Role of Natural Products in Discovery of New Anti‐Infective Agents with Emphasis on Antifungal Compounds

Cited by 7 publications

References 129 publications

CandidaInfections, Causes, Targets, and Resistance Mechanisms: Traditional and Alternative Antifungal Agents

CandidaInfections, Causes, Targets, and Resistance Mechanisms: Traditional and Alternative Antifungal Agents

A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

Molecular Docking and Multivariate Analysis of Xanthones as Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents

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