The Role of Nutraceutical Containing Polyphenols in Diabetes Prevention

Abstract

Research in pharmacological therapy has led to the availability of many antidiabetic agents. New recommendations for precision medicine and particularly precision nutrition may greatly contribute to the control and especially to the prevention of diabetes. This scenario greatly encourages the search for novel non-pharmaceutical molecules. In line with this, the daily and long-term consumption of diets rich in phenolic compounds, together with a healthy lifestyle, may have a protective role against the development of type 2 diabetes. In the framework of the described studies, there is clear evidence that the bio accessibility, bioavailability, and the gut microbiota are indeed affected by: the way phenolic compounds are consumed (acutely or chronically; as pure compounds, extracts, or in-side a whole meal) and the amount and the type of phenolic compounds (ex-tractable or non-extractable/macromolecular antioxidants, including non-bioavailable polyphenols and plant matrix complexed structures). In this review, we report possible effects of important, commonly consumed, phenolic-based nutraceuticals in pre-clinical and clinical diabetes studies. We highlight their mechanisms of action and their potential effects in health promotion. Translation of this nutraceutical-based approach still requires more and larger clinical trials for better elucidation of the mechanism of action toward clinical applications.

Synergistic cardioprotective ability of co‐administration of Moringa supplemented diets and acarbose in diabetic cardiomyopathy involves attenuation of cholinergic, purinergic, monoaminergic, renin‐angiotensin system, and antioxidant pathways

“…However, the improved antihyperglycemic effect observed could be a reflection of the synergistic power of the polyphenols present in Moringa (Table S2) and ACA as the highest inclusion of Moringa exhibited an improved ameliorative effect on FBGL. This is in line with previous reports that the DCM protective ability of plant materials could be linked to polyphenols (Alshehri et al, 2021; Atale, Yadav, Rani, & Jin, 2020; Fernandes, Oliveira, Pinho, & Carvalho, 2022; Sharma, Hajam, Kumar, & Rai, 2022).…”

“…Values are statistically different at ###p < .001, #p < .05 versus NC; ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05 versus DM; °°°p < .001, °°p < .01, °p < .05 versus DM + ACA. NC, normal control; DM, diabetes mellitus; ACA, acarbose; ML, Moringa leaf; MS, Moringa seed.reports that the DCM protective ability of plant materials could be linked to polyphenols(Alshehri et al, 2021;Atale, Yadav, Rani, & Jin, 2020;Fernandes, Oliveira, Pinho, & Carvalho, 2022;Sharma, Hajam, Kumar, & Rai, 2022).The increased cardiac AChE activity in the untreated DM rats indicates cardiac cholinergic dysfunction (Figure1), owing to the possible depletion of acetylcholine (ACh) level. Cholinergic dysfunction is characterized by the upregulation of AChE activity, which catalyzed ACh hydrolysis; a notable risk factor of DCM(Erukainure et al, 2021).…”

Nutraceuticals: An inspiring therapy for lifestyle diseases

“…Diabetic neuropathy can be treated with lipoic acid, an antioxidant. The dietary fiber psyllium has been used to treat diabetes and reduce lipid levels in hyperlipidemia [36].…”

Functional profiling of Achillea fragrantissima (a perennial edible herb) against human cancer cells and potential nutraceutical impact in neutralizing cell proliferation by interfering with VEGF and NF-κB signaling pathways

“…Over the years, several phytochemicals (such as phenolic compounds), including resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, genistein, tannic acid, caffeic acid, or bioactive extracts of medicinal plants, have shown diverse chemopreventive properties (Del-Toro-Sánchez et al, 2021;Tapia-Hernández et al, 2018;Ullah et al, 2014). These observations encourage the utilization and mapping of current knowledge with the traditional practices incorporated in the ancient renaissance, which strongly engages the belief in the practice of disease management through natural products and promotes dietary ingredients of food in various ethnic cultures as therapeutically functional entities (Fernandes et al, 2022;Santini, 2022;Ullah et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2020). Moreover, such preventive strategies based on components of regular human consumption have reasonable safety index and the plausibility of undesired effects are either none or least.…”