The role of oestrogen in the pathogenesis of obesity, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer and prostate disease

Abstract

A detailed review of the literature was performed in a bid to identify the presence of a common link between specific hormone interactions and the increasing prevalence of global disease. The synergistic action of unopposed oestrogen and leptin, compounded by increasing insulin, cortisol and xeno-oestrogen exposure directly initiate, promote and exacerbate obesity, type 2 diabetes, uterine overgrowth, prostatic enlargement, prostate cancer and breast cancer. Furthermore these hormones significantly contribute to the incidence and intensity of anxiety and depression, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease and stroke. This review, in collaboration with hundreds of evidence-based clinical researchers, correlates the significant interactions these hormones exert upon the upregulation of p450 aromatase, oestrogen, leptin and insulin receptor function; the normal status quo of their binding globulins; and how adduct formation alters DNA sequencing to ultimately produce an array of metabolic conditions ranging from menopausal symptoms and obesity to Alzheimer's disease and breast and prostate cancer. It reveals the way that poor diet, increased stress, unopposed endogenous oestrogens, exogenous oestrogens, pesticides, xeno-oestrogens and leptin are associated with increased aromatase activity, and how its products, increased endogenous oestrogen and lowered testosterone, are associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and oestrogenic disease. This controversial break-through represents a paradigm shift in medical thinking, which can prevent the raging pandemic of diabetes, obesity and cancer currently sweeping the world, and as such, it will reshape health initiatives, reduce suffering, prevent waste of government expenditure and effectively transform preventative medicine and global health care for decades.

Simultaneous disruption of estrogen receptor and Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in methyl amooranin-mediated chemoprevention of mammary gland carcinogenesis in rats

“…The development of healthy mammary glands requires estrogen activation of ERs that triggers specific signaling pathways responsible for mammary cell proliferation and differentiation. Nevertheless, altered ER signaling is implicated in the abnormal cell proliferation as well as the development and progression of breast cancer [5, 6]. Especially, the activation of ER-α is believed to promote the growth of breast tumors.…”

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and Levels of Estrogens and Androgens in Men

“…If NSAIDs do in fact modulate hormone levels, this could have a large public health impact due to the common use of NSAIDs and the high prevalence of potentially hormone-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, 6 cardiovascular disease, 8 and prostate cancer. 5,33,34 * Estimates inversely weighted to the probability of selection; percents shown are column percents and may not sum to 100 due to rounding † Use of prescription (Rx) NSAIDs with or without over-the-counter (OTC) NSAIDs ‡ Defined as a history of coronary artery bypass, angioplasty, myocardial infarction, angina, arrhythmia requiring a pacemaker, heart rhythm disturbance, congestive heart failure, transient ischemic attack, stroke, carotid artery surgery, intermittent claudication, surgery or angioplasty for arterial disease of the leg, pulmonary embolism, aortic aneurysm, deep vein thrombosis, Raynaud's disease, or peripheral vascular disease Table 2 Adjusted geometric mean hormone levels by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 February 1.…”

BMI over the lifecourse and hearing ability at age 45 years: a population based study

“…Montgomery et al (2010) have suggested that hormones such as oestrogen could influence hearing ability through action on inner-ear oestrogen receptors (Stenberg et al 2001). Obesity has been associated with the unopposed action of endogenous oestrogens (Williams 2010;Hulcrantz 2006). There is also evidence for menstrual fluctuations in auditory perception (Haggard and Gaston 1978) that could point to a hormonal effect on hearing ability.…”