The role of olfaction in host preference by Aedes (Stegomyia) simpsoni and Ae. aegypti

Mukwaya, L. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1976.tb00976.x

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Drosophila is a generalist feeding on decaying substrates containing yeast, whereas A. gambiae and the similarly anthropophilic mosquito Ae. aegypti are carnivorous specialists, both preferring humans to other animals for a blood meal (Mciver 1968;White 1974;Mukwaya 1976).…”

Section: Role Of Functional Neuron Classes In Odor Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Coding in Antennal Neurons of the Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

et al. 2006

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Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the antenna of insects serve to encode odors in action potential activity conducted to the olfactory lobe of the deuterocerebrum. We performed an analysis of the electrophysiological responses of olfactory neurons in the antennae of the female malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. and investigated the effect of blood feeding on responsiveness. Forty-four chemicals that are known to be present in human volatile emanations were used as odor stimuli. We identified 6 functional types of trichoid sensilla and 5 functional types of grooved-peg sensilla (GP) based on a hierarchical cluster analysis. Generalist ORNs, tuned to a broad range of odors, moderate specialist ORNs and 2 ORNs tuned to only one odor were identified in different sensilla types. Neurons in GP were tuned to more polar compounds including the important behavioral attractant ammonia and its synergist L-lactic acid, responses to which were found only in GP. Combinatorial coding is the most plausible principle operating in the olfactory system of this mosquito species. We document for the first time both up- and downregulation of ORN responsiveness after blood feeding. Modulation of host-seeking and oviposition behavior is associated with both qualitative and quantitative changes in the peripheral sensory system.

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Section: Role Of Functional Neuron Classes In Odor Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Coding in Antennal Neurons of the Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

et al. 2006

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“…Generally, female mosquitoes searching for blood meals make specific selection of the hosts based on olfactory cues and body temperature among other factors [5,6]. Mosquito species with distinct host preferences respond differently to human or cattle odors [7][8][9][10], and single odor components [11][12][13]. For instance, host location by An.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiochemical signatures associated with differential attraction of Anopheles gambiae to human feet

2021

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Background Several human-produced volatiles have been reported to mediate the host-seeking process under laboratory conditions, yet no effective lure or repellent has been developed for field application. Previously, we found a gradation of the attractiveness of foot odors of different malaria free individuals to Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Giles. In this study, foot odor of the individual with the most attractive ‘smelly’ feet to the An. gambiae was collected, analyzed and attractive blend components identified. Methods The foot odor of the individual with the most attractive ‘smelly’ feet to the An. gambiae was trapped on Porapak Q and analyzed by gas chromatography-linked mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Specific constituents perceived by the insect olfactory system were then identified by GC-linked to electro-antennography detector (GC-EAD) and characterized by GC-MS. The contribution of each constituent to the behavioral response of An. gambiae was assessed through subtractive assays under semi-field conditions in a screen-house using Counter Flow Geometry (CFG traps) baited with (i) the blend of all the EAD-active and (ii) other blends containing all components with exclusion of one component at a time. The number of mosquitoes trapped in the baited CFG traps were compared with those in the control traps. Results Eleven major and minor constituents: 2 carboxylic acids, six aldehydes, two ketones and one phenolic compound, were confirmed to be EAD-active. The contribution of each constituent to the behavioral response of An. gambiae was assessed through subtractive assays under semi- field conditions. Exclusion/ subtraction of one of the following compounds: i-butyric acid, i-valeric acid, n-octanal, n-nonanal, n-decanal, n-dodecanal, undecanal or n-tridecanal, from each blend led to reduction in the attractiveness of all the resulting blends, suggesting that all of them are critical/important for the attractiveness of the foot odor to An. gambiae mosquitoes. However, exclusion/subtraction of 4-ethoxyacetophenone, 4-ethylacetophenone and/or 2-methylphenol, led to significant enhancements in the attractiveness of the resulting blends, suggesting that each of these compounds had repellent effect on An. gambiae ss. Undecanal exhibited kairomonal activity at low natural concentrations under semi-field conditions but repellent activity at high unnatural conditions in the laboratory. Furthermore, the comparison of the mean mosquito catches in traps baited with the nine-component blend without 4-ethoxyacetophenone, 4-ethylacetophenone and the complete foot odor collection revealed that the former is significantly more attractive and confirmed the repellent effect of the two carbonyl compounds at low natural concentration levels. Conclusion These results suggest that differential attractiveness of An. gambiae to human feet is due to qualitative and/or qualitative differences in the chemical compositions of the foot odors from individual human beings and relative proportions of the two chemical signatures (attractants versus repellents) as observed from the ratios of the bioactive components in the foot odors of the most attractive and least attractive individuals. Chemical signature means the ensemble of the compounds released by the organism in a specific physiological state. The chemical signature is emitter-dependent, but does not depend on receiver response. Thus, there is only one chemical signature for one individual or species that may eventually include inactive, attractive and repellent components for another organism. The nine-component attractive blend has a potential as an effective field bait for trapping of malaria vectors in human dwellings.

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Electrophysiological Responses from Receptor Neurons in Mosquito Maxillary Palp Sensilla

Grant

O’Connell

2007

Ciba Foundation Symposium 200 ‐ Olfaction in Mosquito‐Host Interactions

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The role of olfaction in host preference by Aedes (Stegomyia) simpsoni and Ae. aegypti

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Olfactory Coding in Antennal Neurons of the Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

Olfactory Coding in Antennal Neurons of the Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

Semiochemical signatures associated with differential attraction of Anopheles gambiae to human feet

Electrophysiological Responses from Receptor Neurons in Mosquito Maxillary Palp Sensilla

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