The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Angle Closed Diseases of the Anterior Chamber. Part 2: Visualization of the Posterior Segment of the Eye

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to review the literature data on the role of optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of diseases of the closed angle of the anterior chamber. The analysis of the use of modern technical devices — optical coherence tomography of the posterior segment, models with a frequency-modulated source (Swept Source) is presented. The emergence of new imaging technologies such as SS-OCT contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of primary angle closure diseases in terms of involvement of the choroid in the process. A thicker choroid in the macular area may be an anatomical risk factor for closed angle disease. The expansion of an abnormally thick choroid in combination with the structural features of the anterior segment in eyes with a short axial length, including against the background of psychoemotional stress, can lead to an attack of angle closure. Visualization of the structures of the posterior segment of the eye is an important part of the strategy aimed at solving the problem of identifying risk factors, diagnosing, monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis based on optical coherence tomography significantly increases the diagnostic accuracy, allows to determine its progression and to predict its course. This plays a key role in the choice of treatment tactics for the anterior chamber angle closure. The review considers the effect of local antihypertensive eye drops on the choroid.Conclusion. Optical coherence tomography is a standard in modern diagnostics and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure, allowing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and its complex nature. Imaging improves the ability to accurately diagnose and choose the right treatment strategy.

Comparison of Lens Extraction Versus Laser Iridotomy on Anterior Segment, Choroid, and Intraocular Pressure in Primary Angle Closure Using Machine Learning

“…Taking into account the role of subfoveolar choroidal thickness in the development of PACD,47–49 we compared its values before and after the treatment and compared it with the control group and PACs. In PACD, the SFCT values before and after the treatment were significantly higher in almost all sectors than in the control group (Tables 2 and 3), and the data between PACs and PAC were comparable.…”

“…46 In relation to the control, both preoperative and postoperative IT750 values of each group did not differ significantly (Tables 1 and 5), which may be due to a low prevalence of thick irises in the Caucasoid race prevailed among our patients. 17 Taking into account the role of subfoveolar choroidal thickness in the development of PACD, [47][48][49] we compared its values before and after the treatment and compared it with the control group and PACs. In PACD, the SFCT values before and after the treatment were significantly higher in almost all sectors than in the control group (Tables 2 and 3), and the data between PACs and PAC were comparable.…”