The Role of Oral Microbiocenosis Disorders in the Formation of Somatic and Dental Pathology

Abstract

A review of the literature devoted to an urgent topic in dentistry – the role of violations of the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity in the formation of somatic and dental pathology. Interactions with the microbiota lay the most important aspects of normal physiology, metabolism and human immunity.
 The aim of the study is to review the modern scientific literature (for the period from 2016 to the present), highlighting the role of violations of the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity in the formation of oral-systemic communication, somatic and dental pathology.
 Methodology. The data of special literature were studied using scientific search library databases: PubMed Central, Elibrary. The search for original scientific publications was carried out by keywords. This review includes an analysis of 59 scientific sources. 
 Results and conclusions. This literature review systematizes modern scientific data on the relationship between the violation of the microbiota of the oral cavity and the formation of a diverse somatic and dental pathology, parallels are drawn between individual microbial agents and associations and specific diseases. The review also presents up-to-date data on the study of the features of the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including in the aspect of the importance of the oral microbiota during coinfection. The review allowed us to identify a number of common mechanisms in the development of microbiota-induced pathological processes, to substantiate the practical significance of the problem, which is associated with the need to take into account the nature of the oral microbiota, its possible violations in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention of dental and systemic diseases. The prospects for further research are formulated, which can be the basis for predicting the risk of individual dental and systemic diseases.