The Role of Organic and Mineral Fertilization in Maintaining Fertility and Productivity of Cryolithozone Soils

Abstract

Considerable attention of the world community is now focused on the implementation of measures in the interests of achieving the global food security for future generations. Particular aspects of this problem include efforts aimed at increasing crop yields through the use of fertilizers. The purpose of this review is to analyze the experience of using organic and mineral fertilizers to increase crop yields in the cryolithozone of the European part of Russia for food security purposes. The fertility restoration methods of various Retisols considered in the review are of primary importance for the agriculture in the forest zone where 91% of arable lands are represented by this soil type. As these soils are low-fertility, poorly humified and acidic, they largely require the use of chemization and biologization means which are therefore an important factor in ensuring food security under the conditions of modern challenges.

Does the Amount of Pre-Sowing Nitrogen Fertilization Affect Sugar Beet Root Yield and Quality of Different Genotypes?

“…The recommendations for N fertilization for sugar beet are different concerning soil analysis, but for high yields, beets mostly require from 80 to 120 kg N ha −1 [44][45][46][47][48]. The formulation of mineral fertilizer NPK 15:15:15 promotes a shallow intake of nutrients and an inadequate ratio of P and K, and adding it before sowing should be avoided.…”

The Molecular Composition of Peat Organic Matter and Prospects for Its Use in Agriculture

“…Currently, the production of humic preparations is increasing in many countries of the world, including Russia [1]. Humate-based fertilizers have stimulating and adaptogenic properties [4]. They are mainly intended for presowing seed treatment and non-rootand root treatment of plants during the growing season.…”