This study investigates the relationship between energy intensity and employment in 13 Latin American countries, differentiating between countries with and without OECD relations. Using a panel data regression model from 2000 to 2017, the analysis reveals that energy intensity negatively impacts employment, particularly in OECD-related countries. The study also examines the moderating role of economic performance and foreign direct investment (FDI) in this relationship. While economic growth is associated with higher energy efficiency, it does not consistently mitigate the negative effects of energy intensity on employment. Similarly, FDI shows a limited impact in moderating the energy-employment relationship. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive policies that promote both energy efficiency and quality employment in diverse economic contexts. Future research should explore the influence of technological innovation and sector-specific factors on the energy-employment relationship in lower-income countries.