The role of oxidative stress in neuromelanin synthesis in PC12 cells

He, Ai-Xia; Qiu, Lijun; Gao, Yue; Zhu, Ye; Zhou, Xu; Xu, Jianfeng; Zhang, Z.-H.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.040

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The use of the rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC12, as an in vitro model system is quite acceptable for neurological and neurochemical studies (4,5). Moreover, apoptosis can be induced by a variety of methods, including the use of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a significant component of the Gram-negative bacteria cell wall, and it has been widely used in the study of neuronal apoptosis (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of naringin against the LPS-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells: Implications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

Wang¹,

Wang

et al. 2017

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Several studies have demonstrated that increased apoptosis plays an essential role in neurodegenerative disorders. It has been demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces apoptosis largely through the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory mediators. In this study, we investigated the potential protective mechanisms of naringin (Nar), a pummelo peel extract, on LPS-induced PC12 cell apoptosis. Nar pre-conditioning prior to stimulation with LPS for 18 h was a prerequisite for evaluating PC12 cell viability and the protective mechanisms of Nar. Nar significantly improved cell survival in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. On the one hand, Nar downregulated cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), inhibited the release of ROS, mitigated the stimulation of oxidative stress, and rectified the antioxidant protein contents of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD)2 and glutathione synthetase (GSS). On the other hand, Nar down-regulated inflammatory gene and protein expression, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, HMGB1, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) path way and downstream mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, activator protein transcription factor-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Moroever, Nar markedly attenuated the cytochrome c shift from the mitochondria to the cytosol and regulated caspase-3-related protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Nar in neuronal-like PC12 cells. These results suggest that Nar can be utilized as a potential drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of naringin against the LPS-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells: Implications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

Wang¹,

Wang

et al. 2017

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…The main role of neuromelanin is to interact with various toxic compounds in order to protect neuronal cells (Fedorow et al., ). For instance, neuromelanin has the capacity to scavenge reactive metals (Zecca et al., , ), drugs (neuroleptics), and pesticides in the brain (Fedorow et al., ; He et al., ; Zecca et al., ). Indeed, neuromelanin has strong chelating abilities and has a high‐capacity storage trapping system, which can prevent neuronal damage (Zecca et al., ).…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Internal Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, neuromelanin has strong chelating abilities and has a high‐capacity storage trapping system, which can prevent neuronal damage (Zecca et al., ). In addition, it prevents the accumulation of cytosolic catechol derivatives produced by dopamine oxidation, such as quinones (which can be toxic at high concentrations) because the synthesis pathway of neuromelanin requires quinones (He et al., ; Zecca et al., ).…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Internal Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example illustrating the importance of neuromelanin is Parkinson's disease. The concentration of neuromelanin decreases as pigmented neurons are selectively lost, whereas nonpigmented neurons are generally spared during the progression of the disease (Fedorow et al., ; He et al., ; Hirsch et al., ; Slominski et al., ). As a consequence, the level of neuromelanin is lower in humans with Parkinson's disease than in healthy people.…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Internal Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, high concentrations of melanin can be dangerous as its precursors and derivatives are known for their toxicity (e.g. Graham et al., ; He et al., ; Zecca et al., ) and the capacity of melanin to scavenge and interact with toxic compounds (such as heavy metals; e.g. Zecca et al., ) may lead to their accumulation in the organism.…”

Section: Evolutionary Implications Of Internal Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary and biomedical consequences of internal melanins

Dubey

Roulin

2014

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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Summary The adaptive function of melanin located in the integument is well known. Although pigments are also deposited in various internal organs, their function is unclear. A review of the literature revealed that ‘internal melanin’ protects against parasites, pollutants, low temperature, oxidative stress, hypoxemia and UV light, and is involved in the development and function of organs. Importantly, several studies have shown that the amount of melanin deposited on the external body surface is correlated with the amount located inside the body. This finding raises the possibility that internal melanin plays more important physiological roles in dark than light‐colored individuals. Internal melanin and coloration may therefore not evolve independently. This further emphasizes the major role played by indirect selection in evolutionary processes.

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Hormetic approaches to the treatment of Parkinson's disease: Perspectives and possibilities

Calabrese

Santoro

Salinaro

et al. 2018

J of Neuroscience Research

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Age-related changes in the brain reflect a dynamic interaction of genetic, epigenetic, phenotypic, and environmental factors that can be temporally restricted or more longitudinally present throughout the lifespan. Fundamental to these mechanisms is the capacity for physiological adaptation through modulation of diverse molecular and biochemical signaling occurring from the intracellular to the network-systemic level throughout the brain. A number of agents that affect the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD)-like effects in experimental models exhibit temporal features, and mechanisms of hormetic dose responses. These findings have particular significance since the hormetic dose response describes the amplitude and range of potential therapeutic effects, thereby affecting the design and conduct of studies of interventions against PD (and other neurodegenerative diseases), and may also be important to a broader consideration of hormetic processes in resilient adaptive responses that might afford protection against the onset and/or progression of PD and related disorders.

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The role of oxidative stress in neuromelanin synthesis in PC12 cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

Protective effect of naringin against the LPS-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells: Implications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

Protective effect of naringin against the LPS-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells: Implications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

Evolutionary and biomedical consequences of internal melanins

Hormetic approaches to the treatment of Parkinson's disease: Perspectives and possibilities

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