The Role of Parental Posttraumatic Stress, Marital Adjustment, and Dyadic Self‐Disclosure in Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: A Family System Approach

Bachem, Rahel; Levin, Yafit; Zhou, Xiao; Zerach, Gadi; Solomon, Zahava

doi:10.1111/jmft.12266

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Participants’ reports of marital quality were measured using the Persian version of Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Sanai Zakir, 2000; DAS; Spanier, 2001). The DAS includes 32 items used to assess partners’ marital quality (e.g., Fişiloǧlu and Demir, 2000; Chiara et al, 2014; Bachem et al, 2018). Twenty-seven items are rated on a 6- point Likert scale (15 items: 0 = always disagree to 5 = always agree ; 12 items 0 = never to 5 = all the time ); two items are on a 5-point Likert scale (0 = never to 4 = everyday ); two items are yes/no type questions (0 = no 1 = yes ); and one is on a 7-point Likert scale (0 = extremely unhappy to 7 = perfect ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although studies have found men and women report the same levels of stress in work-family conflict (Barnett and Gareis, 2006; Martinengo et al, 2010), men and women show different behavioral patterns in response to stress; women showed a higher level of negative spillover than men (Mennino et al, 2005). Related to job-stress in particular, Barling et al (2004) have shown that there are important gender differences in the degree to which job and family stress is transmitted to negative family processes, including cognitions, behaviors, and interactions within the family that lead to negative outcomes. Given this, we also examine whether gender will moderate the association between job stress and marital quality.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Dyadic Approach to Understanding Associations Between Job Stress, Marital Quality, and Dyadic Coping for Dual-Career Couples in Iran

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Iran, dual-career couples face many stressors due to their demands of balancing work and family. Moreover, the experience of this stress can negatively affect partners’ martial quality. Recent studies have shown the positive impact of dyadic coping on well-being; however, a majority of this research has been conducted with Western cultures. As such, there is a dearth of literature on understanding how supportive and common dyadic coping may have a positive association with work-family stress for couples in Iran. Using a sample of 206 heterosexual dual-career couples from Iran, this study examines the associations between job stress and marital quality, and possible moderating effects of common and perceived partner supportive dyadic coping. As predicted, job stress was negatively associated with marital quality, and this association with further moderated by gender, such that women who experienced greater job stress also reported lower marital quality. Additionally, dyadic coping moderated the association between job stress and marital quality. Common dyadic coping attenuated the negative association between job stress and marital quality. The findings shed light on the possible beneficial effects of teaching supportive and common dyadic coping techniques to dual-career couples in Iran.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dyadic Approach to Understanding Associations Between Job Stress, Marital Quality, and Dyadic Coping for Dual-Career Couples in Iran

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The intergenerational transmission of war-related PTSD has been suggested in the literature [20, 21], although the degree of controversy is high. PTSD is a heterogeneous disorder, and it is to be expected that the following generation is influenced by such heterogeneity at a greater level—as the traumatised parent is only one influence, among others, such as the mother’s role [4, 22]. Offspring of war veterans with PTSD have shown higher depression scores than those of war veterans without PTSD [7], and also a higher rate of aggression and anxiety than those of non-veterans [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no differences have been found regarding psychological measures between the offspring of war veterans with PTSD and a non-veteran control group [9], neither between the offspring of veterans with PTSD, veterans without PTSD, and non-veterans, including PTSD symptomatology among offspring [4]. Studies of the offspring of non-war-related TEs populations’ have also yielded contrasting results, for instance, in the case of refugees’ offspring [23, 24], of the offspring of Holocaust survivors [25–27], and of the offspring of ex-prisoners of war [22, 28]. The methodology used across studies is diverse, which naturally produces distinct results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenerational transmission of war-related trauma assessed 40 years after exposure

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from parent to offspring has been suggested in the literature, but this is highly controversial. We aimed to study the association between veterans’ war exposure and lifetime PTSD and the psychological characteristics of their respective offspring, 40 years after war-related trauma. Methods Forty-four adult offspring of veterans with PTSD and 29 offspring of veterans without PTSD were included in the study, from a total of 46 veterans. War exposure intensity, lifetime PTSD, and the general psychopathology (with Brief Symptom Inventory—BSI) of the veterans were studied, as were childhood trauma, attachment, and the general psychopathology (with BSI) of their offspring. Results Veterans’ war exposure was associated with BSI in the offspring with regard to somatisation ( β = 0.025; CI 0.001, 0.050), phobic anxiety ( β = 0.014; CI: 0.000, 0.027), Global Severity Index (GSI) ( β = 0.022; CI 0.005, 0.038), and Positive Symptom Distress Index ( β = 0.020; CI 0.006, 0.033). The fathers’ GSI mediated only 18% of the effect of the veterans’ total war exposure on offspring’s GSI. Fathers’ war exposure was associated with offspring’s physical neglect as a childhood adversity, although non-significantly ( p = 0.063). None of the other variables was associated with veterans’ war exposure, and veterans’ lifetime PTSD was not associated with any of the variables studied. Conclusions The offspring of war veterans showed increased psychological suffering as a function of their fathers’ war exposure intensity, but not of their fathers’ lifetime PTSD. These results could be used to suggest that mental health support for veterans’ offspring should consider the war exposure intensity of their fathers, and not just psychopathology. This could spare offspring’s suffering if this mental health support could be delivered early on, after veterans return from war.

show abstract

“…Naturally, this is not isolated to their offspring and can affect filial and marital relationships as well. A study conducted by Bachem et al in 2018 highlighted the importance of marital partners who have suffered secondary traumatic stress, particularly mothers, and TTT. In this aspect, family dynamics, including the quality of paternal care, are a critical factor despite their variable nature.…”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advocating for a Collaborative Research Approach on Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma

Ridhuan

Caltabiano

Gillis

et al. 2021

Journ Child Adol Trauma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since Myers ( 1915 ) coined the term ‘shell shock’ to define the prolonged suffering of soldiers returning from the Great War, the psychological and physical result of distressing experiences, known as trauma, has been of academic interest. Transgenerational transmission of trauma effects has been recorded, demonstrating that on some level, the exposure to trauma of one generation can impact individuals of a subsequent generation (Yehuda & Lehrner, 2018 ). Observational studies on children of holocaust survivors formed the basis of this trajectory of research (Rakoff, 1966 ), and eventually this phenomenon became referred to as the transgenerational transmission of trauma (TTT). Since then, TTT has been observed in several contexts, including within families who have experienced high rates historical trauma (O’Neill et al., 2016 ), within regions high-frequencies of historical war and terrorism (Yehuda & Lehrner, 2018 ) and those who have undergone famine (Ahmed, 2010 ). This report aims to outline several pathways (biological, psychological, and sociological) by which trauma may be transmitted across generations. Moreover, it discusses several methods of trauma assessment and the related challenges and benefits. Lastly, this report advocates a biopsychosocial approach – an interdisciplinary model using the interplay of biological, psychological, and social-environmental factors – to research TTT. By promoting the benefits of such an interdisciplinary approach we attempt to break up silos between disciplines and encourage collaboration between academics from various backgrounds researching this topic to better serve individuals impacted by TTT.

show abstract

The Role of Parental Posttraumatic Stress, Marital Adjustment, and Dyadic Self‐Disclosure in Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: A Family System Approach

Cited by 24 publications

References 57 publications

A Dyadic Approach to Understanding Associations Between Job Stress, Marital Quality, and Dyadic Coping for Dual-Career Couples in Iran

A Dyadic Approach to Understanding Associations Between Job Stress, Marital Quality, and Dyadic Coping for Dual-Career Couples in Iran

Intergenerational transmission of war-related trauma assessed 40 years after exposure

Advocating for a Collaborative Research Approach on Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About