The role of particle aggregation/disaggregation in muddy sediment dynamics and seasonal sediment turnover in a back-barrier tidal basin, East Frisian Wadden Sea, southern North Sea

Chang, Tae Soo; Joerdel, Olaf; Flemming, Burghard W.; Bartholomä, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.10.004

Cited by 68 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the German Wadden Sea maximum sizes around 300-400 m were found ), while in the Elbe much larger Xocs, (with all instruments >400 m, with some instruments even >1,000 m) were found (Eisma et al 1996). At higher (tidal) current velocities Xoc size decreases with current speed ), large Xocs break down, releasing their contents (Chang et al 2006) to a constant minimum mean size around 250 m ). Such situations with high currents occur more often in winter so that in winter the concentration and average size of Xocs are generally lower.…”

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Flocs are formed in the calm estuarine waters and account for a large percentage of the total SPM concentration (Van Leussen 1994). Calm weather in combination with high concentrations of organic matter and phytoplankton, and high microbial activity, situations usually occurring in summer, stimulate Xoc formation (Chang et al 2006), leading to larger Xocs and high settling times of SPM in summer. Floc size increases to current velocities of 0.1 m s ¡1 (Chang et al 2006).…”

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such situations with high currents occur more often in winter so that in winter the concentration and average size of Xocs are generally lower. As a result, a net inward transport of organic particles is found in spring and summer, while with the generally higher turbulence in winter a net transport of these particles from the Wadden Sea to the North Sea takes place (Chang et al 2006;Cadée 1980, section "Spatial variation").…”

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured Chl-a concentrations in May (6-27 mg m ¡3 ) were mainly due to planktonic species, while in November (concentrations 3-10 mg m ¡3 ) benthic diatoms were dominant, which also points at resuspension. Due to a generally lower current velocity and higher organic matter content, a muddy drape-coverage on the tidal Xats can occur in summer, reducing resuspension in summer even more (Chang et al 2006).…”

Section: Variation Due To Resuspensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on substances and processes relevant for optical remote sensing of extremely turbid marine areas, with a focus on the Wadden Sea

et al. 2010

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The interpretation of optical remote sensing data of estuaries and tidal Xat areas is hampered by optical complexity and often extreme turbidity. Extremely high concentrations of suspended matter, chlorophyll and dissolved organic matter, local diVerences, seasonal and tidal variations and resuspension are important factors inXuencing the optical properties in such areas. This review gives an overview of the processes in estuaries and tidal Xat areas and the implications of these for remote sensing in such areas, using the Wadden Sea as a case study area. Results show that remote sensing research in extremely turbid estuaries and tidal areas is possible. However, this requires sensors with a large ground resolution, algorithms tuned for high concentrations of various substances and the local speciWc optical properties of these substances, a simultaneous detection of water colour and land-water boundaries, a very short time lag between acquisition of remote sensing and in situ data used for validation and suYcient geophysical and ecological knowledge of the area.

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Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variation Due To Resuspensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on substances and processes relevant for optical remote sensing of extremely turbid marine areas, with a focus on the Wadden Sea

et al. 2010

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“…In coastal systems, SPM is composed of living and nonliving particulate organic matter (POM) and fine cohesive and non-cohesive resuspended minerals. Fine-grained minerals of sizes typically up to 8 µm (Chang et al, 2006) and POM can undergo aggregation and fragmentation processes that change sinking velocity and thus transport properties. As a consequence of flocculation, SPM aggregates ubiquitously possess a broad spectrum of size and composition (Fettweis, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum sinking velocities of suspended particulate matter in a coastal transition zone

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Marine coastal ecosystem functioning is crucially linked to the transport and fate of suspended particulate matter (SPM). Transport of SPM is controlled by, amongst other factors, sinking velocity w s . Since the w s of cohesive SPM aggregates varies significantly with size and composition of the mineral and organic origin, w s exhibits large spatial variability along gradients of turbulence, SPM concentration (SPMC) and SPM composition. In this study, we retrieved w s for the German Bight, North Sea, by combining measured vertical turbidity profiles with simulation results for turbulent eddy diffusivity. We analyzed w s with respect to modeled prevailing dissipation rates and found that mean w s were significantly enhanced around log 10 ( (m 2 s −3 )) ≈ −5.5. This region is typically found at water depths of approximately 15 to 20 m along cross-shore transects. Across this zone, SPMC declines towards the offshore waters and a change in particle composition occurs. This characterizes a transition zone with potentially enhanced vertical fluxes. Our findings contribute to the conceptual understanding of nutrient cycling in the coastal region which is as follows. Previous studies identified an estuarine circulation. Its residual landward-oriented bottom currents are loaded with SPM, particularly within the transition zone. This retains and traps fine sediments and particulate-bound nutrients in coastal waters where organic components of SPM become remineralized. Residual surface currents transport dissolved nutrients offshore, where they are again consumed by phytoplankton. Algae excrete extracellular polymeric substances which are known to mediate mineral aggregation and thus sedimentation. This probably takes place particularly in the transition zone and completes the coastal nutrient cycle. The efficiency of the transition zone for retention is thus suggested as an important mechanism that underlies the often observed nutrient gradients towards the coast.

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Siliciclastic Back-Barrier Tidal Flats

Flemming

2011

Principles of Tidal Sedimentology

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The role of particle aggregation/disaggregation in muddy sediment dynamics and seasonal sediment turnover in a back-barrier tidal basin, East Frisian Wadden Sea, southern North Sea

Cited by 68 publications

References 23 publications

A review on substances and processes relevant for optical remote sensing of extremely turbid marine areas, with a focus on the Wadden Sea

A review on substances and processes relevant for optical remote sensing of extremely turbid marine areas, with a focus on the Wadden Sea

Maximum sinking velocities of suspended particulate matter in a coastal transition zone

Siliciclastic Back-Barrier Tidal Flats

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