“…When asked directly about its importance as a job attribute, major surveys rank the importance of pay between second and eighth (Herzberg, Mausner, Peterson, & Capwell, 1957;Jurgensen, 1978;Lawler, 1971;Towers Perrin, 2003). However, when asked to rank groups of hypothetical jobs in which characteristics have been engineered in such a way as to enable researchers to sort out the importance of individual characteristics, pay appears to be substantially more important (Barber, 1998;Rynes, Schwab, & Heneman, 1983;Schwab, 1982). According to Rynes, Gerhart, and Minette (2004) "… pay level is likely to be quite important both in attracting employees (Rynes et al, 1983) and in retaining them (Delery, Gupta, Shaw, Jenkins, & Ganster, 2000;Guthrie, 2000)" (p. 388-389).…”