The Role of Peat Layers on Iron Dynamics in Peatlands

P retention and cation exchange as affected by nanoparticle of volcanic ash and application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria on Andisol Ciater, West Java, Indonesia

“…1). Soil sample was used to analyze P-retention using Blakemore method, CEC using extraction method 1 N NH 4 OAc at pH 7.0.…”

“…The decreased P-retention in the first month after incubation showed that the addition of ameliorant nanoparticle of volcanic ash reacts to release P which is available by short-ranged mineral order at Andisol. Anion SiO 4 4-in volcanic ash has a higher negative charge than the P anion causing competition to occupy the smelting site. The higher negative charge on SiO 4 4-causes the anion to perform a stronger pulling reaction on the smelting site, so that the P anion can be detached from retention and available in the soil.…”

“…Anion SiO 4 4-in volcanic ash has a higher negative charge than the P anion causing competition to occupy the smelting site. The higher negative charge on SiO 4 4-causes the anion to perform a stronger pulling reaction on the smelting site, so that the P anion can be detached from retention and available in the soil. This is in line with the results of study [13] which states that the addition of a negatively charged ameliorant into Andisol will cause the occurrence of a positive colloidal load of the soil by filling the smelting site, so that the soil colloidal load becomes more negative and retention decreases.…”

“…Phosphate deficiency in plants can cause stunted plant growth, weak plant, dark green leaf and color changes in old leaves becomes purplish [4]. Phosphate can be absorbed by the plant in the form H 2 PO 4 -, HPO 4 2-and PO 4 3- [5].…”

Isolation of Efficient Metal-Binding Bacteria from Boreal Peat Soils and Development of Microbial Biosorbents for Improved Nickel Scavenging

“…Most of the iron in peatland is, therefore, in the form of chelates and only approximately 4-5% of the total iron is soluble and exchangeable [8]. The approximate content of free soluble ferrous ions decreases gradually from 200 mg g −1 at a depth of 2.5 m to nearly zero in the upper layers of peat [9]; hence, efficient siderophore producers are most likely to be found near the peat surface. Sphagnum biomass is the main component of boreal peatlands, and it is therefore, an essential part of the boreal bioeconomy [10].…”