The role of perceptual and cognitive load on inattentional blindness: A systematic review and three meta-analyses

Matias, Jérémy; Belletier, Clément; Izaute, Marie; Lutz, Matthieu; Silvert, Lætitia

doi:10.1177/17470218211064903

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Depth switching effects in this configuration, however, may interact with inattentional blindness. This is because repetitive switching between the display and background scene could pose a high amount of distraction from what the user is trying to focus at the moment (i.e., high perceptual load), which has been shown to increase inattentional blindness 56 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of visual rivalry in peripheral head-mounted displays on mobility

Han

Kim

Jung

2023

Preprint

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Recent head-mounted displays and smart glasses use vision multiplexing, an optical approach where two or more views are superimposed on each other. In vision multiplexing, augmented information is presented over an observer’s natural field of view, providing field expansion and critical information during mobility situations like walking and driving. Yet despite its utility, vision multiplexing may produce visual rivalry, a phenomenon where perception alternates between the augmented information and the background scene for seconds at a time. To investigate, we compared the effect of different peripheral vision multiplexing configurations (unilateral opaque, unilateral see-through and bilateral see-through) on the detection of augmented information, incorporating at the same time real-world characteristics (target eccentricity, depth condition, and gaze movement) for a more realistic assessment. Results showed a persistently lower target detection rate in unilateral configurations than the bilateral configuration, suggesting a larger effect of binocular rivalry on target visibility. Nevertheless, this effect does become attenuated when more naturalistic elements are incorporated, and we discuss recommendations for vision multiplexing design and possible avenues for further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of visual rivalry in peripheral head-mounted displays on mobility

Han

Kim

Jung

2023

Preprint

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“…In line with perceptual load theory (Lavie, 2005(Lavie, , 2010Matias et al, 2022), enhanced visual task load is expected to draw on the attentional resources required for processing the prepulse. Any increase in task difficulty should make it less likely that the prepulse will be processed (owing to a lack of attentional resources), thereby reducing PPI.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

High visual perceptual load reduces prepulse inhibition induced by task-unrelated and task-related sound.

Chen¹,

Yang²,

Ge³

et al. 2023

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is an automatic and pre-attentive sensorimotor gating process. Several studies have shown that advanced cognitive functions can modulate PPI. This study aimed to further elucidate the modulatory effect of attentional resource allocation on PPI. We examined the differences in PPI between high and low attentional loads. First, we verified that the adapted feature versus combination visual search paradigm could produce high and low perceptual load differences according to the task demands. Second, we measured the participants' task-unrelated PPI during the visual search task and found that the PPI in the high-load condition was significantly lower than that in the low-load condition. To further elucidate the role of attentional resources, we tested task-related PPI using a dual-task paradigm in which participants were instructed to complete a visual task with an auditory discrimination task. We found a result similar to that of the task-unrelated experiment. The participants in the high-load condition had less PPI than those in the low-load condition. Finally, we ruled out the possibility that the working memory load explains the modulation of PPI. In line with the theory of PPI modulation, these results suggest that allocating limited attentional resources to the prepulse modulates PPI. Public Significance StatementPeople receive considerable sensory information from their surrounding environments. The gating mechanism-the inhibition of irrelevant information that ensures the processing of target information -plays a crucial role in human activity. This study investigated whether prepulse inhibition is affected by different visual perceptual load levels. Our study provides necessary new insights into the understanding of how modulated PPI effects the interaction between attentional load and PPI.

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“…Hence, when we focus on internal activities like planning a route or mind wandering, fewer resources are available for external activities and we react slower, less accurately, or not at all to perceptual input (e.g., Baird et al, 2014;Matias et al, 2022;Smallwood et al, 2011) -a phenomenon termed perceptual decoupling (Smallwood & Schooler, 2006). While perceptual decoupling gained quite some attention in mind wandering and attention research, the exact determinants and underlying cognitive mechanisms of this phenomenon are still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How type and workload of internal tasks affect voluntary saccades in a target-distractor saccade task

Annerer‐Walcher¹,

Korda²,

Körner³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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When we engage in internally directed cognition, like doing mental arithmetic or mind wandering, fewer cognitive resources are assigned for other activities like reacting to perceptual input - an effect termed perceptual decoupling. However, the exact conditions under which perceptual decoupling occurs and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are still unclear. Hence, the present study systematically manipulated the task type (arithmetic, visuospatial) and workload (control, low, high) of the internal task and tested its effects on voluntary saccades in a target-distractor saccade task. As expected, engagement in internal tasks delayed saccades to the target. This effect was moderated by time, task, and workload: The delay was largest right after internal task onset and then decreased, potentially reflecting the intensity of internal task demands. Saccades were also more delayed for the high compared to the low workload condition in the arithmetic task, whereas workload conditions had similarly high effects in the visuospatial task. Findings suggests that perceptual decoupling of eye behavior gradually increases with internal demands on general resources and that perceptual decoupling is specifically sensitive to internal demands on visuospatial resources. The latter may be mediated by interference due to eye behavior elicited by the internal task itself. Internal tasks did not affect the saccade latency-deviation trade-off, indicating that while the internal tasks delayed the execution of the saccade, the perception of the saccade stimuli and spatial planning of the saccade continued unaffected in parallel to the internal tasks. Together, these findings shed further light on the specific mechanisms underlying perceptual decoupling by suggesting that perceptual decoupling of eye behavior increases as internal demands on cognitive resources overlap more strongly with demands of the external task.

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The role of perceptual and cognitive load on inattentional blindness: A systematic review and three meta-analyses

Cited by 7 publications

References 179 publications

The effect of visual rivalry in peripheral head-mounted displays on mobility

The effect of visual rivalry in peripheral head-mounted displays on mobility

High visual perceptual load reduces prepulse inhibition induced by task-unrelated and task-related sound.

How type and workload of internal tasks affect voluntary saccades in a target-distractor saccade task

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