The role of phosphorus, magnesium and potassium availability in soil fungal exploration of mineral nutrient sources in Norway spruce forests

Rosenstock, Nicholas P.; Berner, Christoffer; Smits, Mark M.; Krám, Pavel; Wallander, Håkan

doi:10.1111/nph.13928

Cited by 55 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…However, observations of S. bovinus did not support our hypothesis of enhanced biofilm formation and/or fungal hyphal attachment to surfaces ( Figures 5C and 6C). All these fungal species are described as able to weather silicates in soil environments in association with a host [20,24,41,[51][52][53][54], which is supported by the bulk composition data, but surface attachment of fungal hyphae and biofilm/EPS coverage proved to be minor contributors to the potassium and calcium release under our experimental conditions.…”

Section: Rhizospheric Mineral Alterations and Biofilm Formationsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…After germination, 45 of the most vigorous seedlings of Scots pine were inoculated with one of the pure cultures of the three ectomycorrhizal fungi (15 each) obtained from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden: Paxillus involutus (PI), Suillus bovinus (SB), and Piloderma fallax (PF). These fungi were selected because they are commonly found in natural Scots pine forests and they have been grown successfully under laboratory conditions [20,24,41,[51][52][53][54]. Scots pine inoculation was carried out at Lund University, Sweden, on a peat-vermiculite and MMN (Marx-Melin-Norkrans) sterilized medium in a volume ratio of 1:5:3 [55] (Table S1) in round, sealed Petri dishes with the seedlings protruding through a notch cut into the Petri dish.…”

Section: Seed Germination and Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mineral Interactions in the Rhizosphere of Scots and Red Pine Seedlings

Balogh‐Brunstad

Keller

Shi

et al. 2017

Soils

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Ectomycorrhizal fungi and associated bacteria play a key role in plant-driven mineral weathering and uptake of mineral-derived nutrients in the rhizosphere. The goal of this study was to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of bacteria-fungi-mineral interactions in biofilms of Scots and red pine rhizospheres. In three experiments, seedlings were grown in columns containing silica sand amended with biotite and calcium-feldspar, and inoculated with pure cultures of ectomycorrhizal fungi or a soil slurry. Uninoculated seedlings and unplanted abiotic columns served as controls. After nine months, the columns were destructively sampled and the minerals were analyzed using scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. Element release rates were determined from cation concentrations of input and output waters, soil exchange sites, and plant biomass, then normalized to geometric surface area of minerals in each column. The results revealed that various ectomycorrhizal fungal species stimulate silicate dissolution, and biofilm formation occurred at low levels, but direct surface attachment and etching by fungal hyphae was a minor contributor to the overall cation release from the minerals in comparison to other environmental conditions such as water applications (rain events), which varied among the experiments. This research highlights the importance of experimental design details for future exploration of these relationships.

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Section: Rhizospheric Mineral Alterations and Biofilm Formationsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Seed Germination and Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mineral Interactions in the Rhizosphere of Scots and Red Pine Seedlings

Balogh‐Brunstad

Keller

Shi

et al. 2017

Soils

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“…Soil Mn levels are known to influence ECM fungi differentially [75]. Calcium and Mg are important plant macronutrients but have not been found to influence ECM community composition or favor certain ECM species in other studies [76]. The specific mechanism(s) driving this response is beyond the scope of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Host Phylogenetic Relatedness and Soil Nutrients Shape Ectomycorrhizal Community Composition in Native and Exotic Pine Plantations

Chen

Mueller

Egerton‐Warburton

et al. 2019

Forests

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Exotic non-native Pinus species have been widely planted or become naturalized in many parts of the world. Pines rely on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi mutualisms to overcome barriers to establishment, yet the degree to which host specificity and edaphic preferences influence ECM community composition remains poorly understood. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing coupled with soil analyses to investigate the effect of host plant identity, spatial distance and edaphic factors on ECM community composition in young (30-year-old) native (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) and exotic (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) pine plantations in China. The ECM fungal communities comprised 43 species with the majority belonging to the Thelephoraceae and Russulaceae. Most species were found associated with both host trees while certain native ECM taxa (Suillus) showed host specificity to the native P. massoniana. ECM fungi that are known to occur exclusively with Pinus (e.g., Rhizopogon) were uncommon. We found no significant effect of host identity on ECM communities, i.e., phylogenetically related pines shared similar ECM fungal communities. Instead, ECM fungal community composition was strongly influenced by site-specific abiotic factors and dispersal. These findings reinforce the idea that taxonomic relatedness might be a factor promoting ECM colonization in exotic pines but that shifts in ECM communities may also be context-dependent. a massive range expansion of the ECM-Pinus mutualism, a situation that is widely compared to co-invasion (or 'enemy escape ' [4,6-9]). Exotic pines may also form novel symbioses with native ECM fungi or cosmopolitan mutualists [10]. Nevertheless, plants may be limited by the availability of compatible ECM fungal inoculum. Exotic pine ECM communities are remarkable for their low species richness (<50 taxa) in comparison to native ECM forests [11], and an abundance of ECM taxa that are almost exclusively associated with Pinaceae (e.g., Suillus, Rhizopogon [12,13]).Such low-diversity limitations may reflect both neutral (dispersal) and niche processes (abiotic factors; e.g., [14][15][16][17]). Studies show that longer distances (>10 km) may limit the stochastic dispersal of fungal propagules from one location (native forest) to another (plantation) whereas deterministic traits such as dispersal via spores [14,18] versus mycorrhizal root tips and hyphal networks may operate at finer scales [19][20][21][22]. In addition, biotic (e.g., host nutrient demands, seed dispersal) and abiotic factors (e.g., soil chemistry) may facilitate ECM fungal species with physiological and ecological adaptations depending on the environmental context [23].Recent evidence has demonstrated that phylogenetic distance between exotic and native hosts might explain their (dis)similarities in ECM community composition and richness [24,25]. For example, studies have shown that co-occurring exotic pine and native trees host similar ECM fungal communities and share the same dominant ECM fungal species [8,10,[26][27][28]. Most ECM fung...

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“…In coniferous trees, elevated CO 2 has been shown to increase the ratio of root to shoot biomass (Alberton et al 2007;Janssens et al 2005) and allocation to mycorrhizal symbionts (Fransson et al 2010;Compant et al 2010) 10 indicating an increased exploration of the soil environment to obtain nutrients. Studies in Swedish (Almeida et al 2018) and Czech (Rosenstock et al, 2016) Norway spruce forests have observed increased belowground allocation to fine roots and ectomycorrhizal hyphal growth and greater preference for growth around apatite (a mineral source of Ca and P) mineral grains under phosphorus-limiting conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological enhancement of mineral weathering by Pinus sylvestris seedlings – effects of plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and elevated CO2

Rosenstock¹,

Hees²,

Fransson³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Better understanding and quantifying the relative influence of plants, associated mycorrhizal fungi, and abiotic factors such as elevated CO2 on biotic weathering is essential to constraining weathering estimates. We employed a column microcosm system to examine the effects of elevated CO2 and Pinus sylvestris seedlings, with or without the ectomycorrhizal fungi Piloderma fallax and Suillus variegatus, on rhizosphere soil solution concentrations of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA) and weathering of primary minerals. Seedlings significantly increased mineral weathering, as estimated from elemental budgets of Ca, K, Mg, and Si. Elevated CO2 increased plant growth and LMWOA concentrations, but had no effect on weathering. Colonization by ectomycorrhizal fungi, particularly P. fallax, showed some tendency to increase weathering. LMWOA concentrations correlated with seedling biomass across both CO2 and mycorrhizal treatments, but not with total weathering. We conclude that nutrient uptake, which reduces transport limitation to weathering, is the primary mechanism by which plants enhanced weathering in this system. While the experimental system used departs from conditions in forest soils in a number of ways, these results are in line with weathering studies performed at the ecosystem, macrocosm, and microcosm scale, indicating that nutrient uptake by plants and microbes is an important biological mechanism by which mineral weathering is enhanced.

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The role of phosphorus, magnesium and potassium availability in soil fungal exploration of mineral nutrient sources in Norway spruce forests

Cited by 55 publications

References 80 publications

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mineral Interactions in the Rhizosphere of Scots and Red Pine Seedlings

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mineral Interactions in the Rhizosphere of Scots and Red Pine Seedlings

Host Phylogenetic Relatedness and Soil Nutrients Shape Ectomycorrhizal Community Composition in Native and Exotic Pine Plantations

Biological enhancement of mineral weathering by <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> seedlings – effects of plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and elevated CO<sub>2</sub>

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The role of phosphorus, magnesium and potassium availability in soil fungal exploration of mineral nutrient sources in Norway spruce forests

Cited by 55 publications

References 80 publications

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mineral Interactions in the Rhizosphere of Scots and Red Pine Seedlings

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mineral Interactions in the Rhizosphere of Scots and Red Pine Seedlings

Host Phylogenetic Relatedness and Soil Nutrients Shape Ectomycorrhizal Community Composition in Native and Exotic Pine Plantations

Biological enhancement of mineral weathering by &lt;i&gt;Pinus sylvestris&lt;/i&gt; seedlings – effects of plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and elevated CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

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Biological enhancement of mineral weathering by <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> seedlings – effects of plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and elevated CO<sub>2</sub>