The Role of Physical Activity Status in the Relationship between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in Urban South African Teachers: The SABPA Study

Veldsman, Tamrin; Swanepoel, Mariette; Monyeki, M.A.; Brits, Johanna S; Malan, Leoné

doi:10.3390/ijerph19106348

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Parsons et al found an association between increased SB and worse cIMT, while an inverse relationship was found between LPA and MVPA with cIMT, although MVPA did not have a stronger association than LPA 65. Several studies (n=5) found no relationship between cIMT and PA 20 49 73–75. Other studies ( n =4) found a negative association between cIMT and PA and/or a positive association between cIMT and SB, but not after adjusting for confounders 19 21 76 77.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

Narendrula,

Brinza,

Horvat Davey

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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IntroductionThe association of physical activity (PA) with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. Clarifying this relationship may inform cardiovascular prevention strategies.MethodsWe performed a systematic review (CRD42021226089) using Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane (1 January 2000 to 1 September 2023). Studies published with adult populations exploring the relationship between objectively measured PA and subclinical CVD were included. Subclinical CVD was assessed using: ankle-brachial index (ABI); arterial stiffness; carotid artery disease; coronary artery atherosclerosis; endothelial function; and measures of cardiac structure and function. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Cochrane Risk of Bias tools were used for quality review.ResultsOf 68 included studies, most supported an inverse relationship between PA and subclinical CVD. Arterial stiffness was the most common outcome (n=40), and 33 studies suggested that less sedentary behaviour (SB), increased PA and/or higher intensity PA was associated with less arterial stiffness. Ten studies of carotid artery disease (totaln=18), six of endothelial function (n=10), two of coronary artery disease (n=3) and all of ABI (n=6) suggested that PA or less SB is associated with less subclinical disease. Five studies assessing cardiac structure/function (n=6) suggested alterations in structure/function with PA.ConclusionsPA reduces the risk of CVD events, and this systematic review demonstrates that some of the benefits may be mediated by an inverse association between PA and subclinical CVD. Interventions to increase PA are important for CVD prevention, so we provide a comprehensive overview of which surrogate outcome measures may be most useful to assess future CVD prevention interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021226089.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

Narendrula,

Brinza,

Horvat Davey

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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“…In the univariate regression analysis, WHR was the only positive predictor of higher CIMT Z-score, while systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a trend toward significance. In the SABPA study, Veldsman et al showed significant positive relationships between CIMT and WC in teachers undertaking light physical activity [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interconnection between Carotid Intima–Media Thickness and Obesity: Anthropometric, Clinical and Biochemical Correlations

Bažadona,

Matovinović,

Krbot Skorić

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) and obesity are considered independent determinants of cardio- and cerebrovascular events. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of obesity on CIMT and to define which traditional cardiovascular risk factors correlate the most with CIMT values in patients with obesity. Materials and Methods: Anthropometric measurements were collected for the whole study group, as well as body composition and blood pressure data, and biochemical blood analyses were also performed. Results: Although our study group was significantly older according to vascular compared with chronological age, the mean CIMT values were lower when compared with the reference values. We found a statistically significant correlation of CIMT with chronological and vascular age, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, body muscle mass and skeletal muscle mass index. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk assessment and SCORE (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation) showed significant positive correlations, but there was only a weak correlation of ASCVD with CIMT. Conclusions: To deduce, since no diagnostic tool currently includes body weight as an individual risk factor, further trials are highly needed to determine if SCORE, SCORE2, ASCVD risk assessment or CIMT would be the most accurate and relevant diagnostic tool for prediction of risk for future CV events in patients with obesity.

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“…This means that other factors that were not included in this study may have contributed to cIMT variance. Studies showed that the lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption, dietary habits and physical activity, as well as job stress and cognitive performance, are associated with cIMT variance [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The early screening of cIMT and more aggressive management are warranted for patients with hypertension, especially if they are elderly, have central obesity and have high levels of glucose and lipid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in 42,726 Adults in UK Biobank: A Cross-Sectional Study

AlGhibiwi,

Sarawi,

Alosaimi

et al. 2023

JCDD

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Background: Traditional modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, such as high blood pressure, have long been positively correlated with high carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). However, traditional cardiovascular risk factors made a minor contribution to cIMT variance, meaning that other markers may be regarded as independent markers for increasing cIMT. Aims: To investigate the simple demographic patterns of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in the UK Biobank and to identify which upstream cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are independently associated with cIMT. Methods and Results: A cross-sectional-based study of healthy middle-aged people recruited in the UK between 2006 and 2010 (n = 42,726). Results: This study showed that the cardiovascular risk profile generally worsened across the cIMT quantiles from lowest to highest. The lowest cIMT quartile was defined as having a mean cIMT < 588 µm, while the highest cIMT quartile was defined as having a mean cIMT > 748 µm. Specifically, the highest cIMT quantile group had a worse CVD risk factors profile compared to the lowest cIMT quantile group. It was found that, for every one SD increase in age and systolic blood pressure, the mean cIMT increased by 0.357 SD and 0.115 SD, respectively. Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure and age were the strongest independent risk factors for a high cIMT value compared to other risk factors.

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The Role of Physical Activity Status in the Relationship between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in Urban South African Teachers: The SABPA Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

The Interconnection between Carotid Intima–Media Thickness and Obesity: Anthropometric, Clinical and Biochemical Correlations

The Association between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in 42,726 Adults in UK Biobank: A Cross-Sectional Study

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